purpose: to report a patient with exotropia due to medial rectus muscle entrapment as a complication of endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy (edcr). case report: a 34-year-old female was referred with left exotropia 18 days after edcr for treatment of primary nasolacrimal duct obstruction. she had a large angle left exotropia in primary position as well as complete limitation of adduction and parti...

Background & objectives: Benches play a basic role in students sitting in the correct posture for a long period. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of ergonomics of common school benches on the electrical activity of selected muscles of healthy female students or with lumbar lordosis. Methods: For this purpose, 24 students with an average age of 10.26±1.78 years were selec...

Purpose To present the results of bilateral superior rectus transposition with medial rectus recession in a case of chronic bilateral sixth nerve palsy. Observation Bilateral superior rectus transposition with medial rectus recession resulted in full correction of esotropia with resolution of horizontal diplopia, improvement in abduction, and regain of stereoacuity in our case. There was mini...

1) The author established the representation of the lower motor center of all the extrinsic ocular muscles by means of HRP labeling in the rat. 2) The muscles which are supplied by the neurons on both sides of the oculomotor nuclei are the levator palpebrae superioris, superior rectus, medial rectus, inferior oblique, inferior rectus, superior oblique and lateral rectus. 3) The muscles which ar...

PURPOSE It has been proposed that the lateral rectus (LR), like many skeletal and craniofacial muscles, comprises multiple neuromuscular compartments subserving different physiological functions. To explore the anatomic potential of compartmentalization in all four rectus extraocular muscles (EOMs), evidence was sought of possible regional selectivity in intramuscular innervation of all rectus ...

Fifteen unembalmed cadavers were dissected in order to study the "anatomical continuity" between the various muscles involved in the movement of flexion of the upper limb. This study demonstrated the existence of specific myofascial expansions, with a nearly constant pattern, which originate from the flexor muscles and extend to the overlying fascia. The clavicular part of the pectoralis major ...

Background: In 1991, Wright described a superior oblique expander procedure for browns syndrome and superior overaction with good results. Originally, this procedure has been performed with silicone band expander. The aim of this study was to report the results of treatment of a series of patients with A-pattern strabismus associated with overacting superior oblique muscle using the fascia lata...

Introduction: To demonstrate surgical techniques and to compare the anatomical and functional outcomes between temporalis fascia and cartilage palisade grafting in type-I underlay tympanoplasty in patients with large/subtotal perforation.Materials and Methods:Temporalis fascia and cartilage palisade grafting were conducted in Group A and Group B, respectively, each containing 30 patients with l...

BACKGROUND We previously demonstrated that fasciitis is a common lesion in dermatomyositis (DM) and that DM-associated fasciitis is detectable, as the result of the increased vascularity in the fascia, by power Doppler ultrasonography. We aimed to investigate whether angiogenesis and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-expressing cells in the fascia are histologically demonstrated during ...

background trocar site, incisional hernia is one of the serious complications of laparoscopic surgery. as a result, many surgeons prefer to close the fascia, especially in those sites where a trocar of 10 mm in size or larger has been inserted. on the other hand, suturing the fascia may lead to damage of other tissues, such as the intestines; hence, some surgeons prefer not to close the fascia....