Genetic and molecular analyses of developmental and physiological processes in numerous experimental systems have recently revealed unsuspected levels of complexity within genetic regulatory pathways. Perhaps most surprising is the result that loss-of-function mutations engineered within many regulatory genes have little or no effect on phenotype. Although the lack of phenotype suggests that th...

Monitoring the environment is one of the main applications of wireless sensor networks. Given that these networks are densely populated and that local variations in the environmental variables are small, a large amount of redundant data is generated by sensor nodes. In this paper we present a protocol for data dissemination in hierarchical clustered sensor networks that integrates security and ...

Although the idea of generating plans through nonlinear or partially ordered partially instantiated (POPI) planningI has been around for almost twenty years, it is only recently that the search space characteristics of POPI planners have received particular attention. A big thrust in this work has been on reducing the redundancy in the search space of POPI planners. This was largely motivated b...

with the huge global and wide range of attention placed upon quality, promoting and optimize the reliability of the products during the design process has turned out to be a high priority. in this study, the researcher have adopted one of the existing models in the reliability science and propose a bi-objective model for redundancy allocation in the series-parallel systems in accordance with th...

this paper presents a new mathematical model for a redundancyallocation problem (rap) withcold-standby redundancy strategy and multiple component choices.the applications of the proposed model arecommon in electrical power, transformation,telecommunication systems,etc.manystudies have concentrated onone type of time-to-failure, butin thispaper, two components of time-to-failures which follow hy...

The relationship between species and the functional diversity of assemblages is fundamental in ecology because it contains key information on functional redundancy, and functionally redundant ecosystems are thought to be more resilient, resistant and stable. However, this relationship is poorly understood and undocumented for species-rich coastal marine ecosystems. Here, we used underwater visu...