We investigated whether high power facilitates instrumental learning relative to low power—an effect that would support power effects on goal-pursuit and decisionmaking. Because power is known to increase instrumentality in action, we expected that high power would enhance instrumental learning involving both approach and avoidance responses, relative to low power. Studies 1 and 2 revealed that...

The effect of stimulus level on cortical auditory event-related potentials (ERPs) evoked by consonant-vowel (CV) contrasts, /ta/, /da/, and /sa/, was investigated. The lowest level at which CVs were discriminated with >95% accuracy was determined for 15 normally hearing adults. ERPs were obtained at 0, 20, and 40 dB SL above this level during active listening. ERP latencies decreased as level i...

We present MINEMO (Minimal Information for Neural ElectroMagnetic Ontologies), a checklist for the description of event-related potentials (ERP) studies. MINEMO extends MINI (Minimal Information for Neuroscience Investigations)to the ERP domain. Checklist terms are explicated in NEMO, a formal ontology that is designed to support ERP data sharing and integration. MINEMO is also linked to an ERP...

When event-related potentials (ERP) are measured during a recognition task, items that have previously been presented typically elicit a larger late (400-800 ms) positive potential than new items. Recent data, however, suggest that emotional, but not neutral, pictures show ERP evidence of spontaneous retrieval when presented in a free-viewing task (Ferrari, Bradley, Codispoti, Karlsson, & Lang,...

Different types of mental activity are utilised as an input in Brain-Computer Interface (BCI) systems. One such activity type is based on Event-Related Potentials (ERPs). The characteristics of ERPs are not visible in single-trials, thus averaging over a number of trials is necessary before the signals become usable. An improvement in ERP-based BCI operation and system usability could be obtain...

Brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) based on event related potentials (ERPs) strive for offering communication pathways which are independent of muscle activity. While most visual ERP-based BCI paradigms require good control of the user's gaze direction, auditory BCI paradigms overcome this restriction. The present work proposes a novel approach using auditory evoked potentials for the example of ...

The Parallel Distributed Processing (PDP) framework is built on neural-style computation, and is thus well-suited for simulating the neural implementation of cognition. However, relatively little cognitive modeling work has concerned neural measures, instead focusing on behavior. Here, we extend a PDP model of reading-related components in the Event-Related Potential (ERP) to simulation of the ...

Individuals with dyslexia have deficiencies in lexical organization and processing that are behaviorally manifested as difficulties in learning grapheme-phoneme correspondences. The present study investigates the lexical representations of Chinese reading-impaired children using event-related potentials (ERP) and time-frequency analysis. Two Cantonese-speaking male children, one with reading im...

Schizophrenia is characterized by an altered sense of the reality, associated with hallucinations and delusions. Some theories suggest that schizophrenia is related to a deficiency of the system that generates information about the sensory consequences of the actions realized by the subject. This system monitors the reafferent information resulting from an action and allows its anticipation. In...

Providing help to others is a highly valued social practice. This study used neurophysiological methods to explore the neural correlates of individuals' reasoning about prosocial-helping behaviors and the relation between these correlates and self-reports of prosocial personality. Event-related potentials (ERP) were recorded while individuals reasoned about others' decisions to provide help or ...