The authors present an optimization algorithm for order reduction and its application for the determination of the relative mapping errors of linear time invariant dynamic systems by the simplified models. These relative mapping errors are expressed by means of the relative integral square error criterion, which are determined for both unit step and impulse inputs. The reduction algorithm is ba...

The reconstruction of large phylogenetic trees from data that violates clocklike evolution (or as a supertree constructed from any m input trees) raises a difficult question for biologists-how can one assign relative dates to the vertices of the tree? In this paper we investigate this problem, assuming a uniform distribution on the order of the inner vertices of the tree (which includes, but is...

The rapid increase in the availability of RDC data from multiple alignment media in recent years has necessitated the development of more sophisticated analyses that extract the RDC data’s full information content. This article presents an analysis of the distribution of RDCs from two media (2D-RDC data), using the information obtained from a k-map. This article also introduces an efficient alg...

This paper studies the distributed formation control problem for multiple fractional-order systems under dynamic interaction and with absolute/relative damping. In the context of this paper, formation control means that a group of systems reaches the desired state deviations via a local interaction. We first study a formation control algorithm in the case of a directed dynamic network topology....

study of tectonic affects in many fluvial systems shows that, rivers are valuable tools to active tectonics surveying. study of stream channels and their associated deposits offset by faulting may reveal the amount displacement at particular site and give information that is critical for future earthquake hazards evaluation. study area which is a subbasin of atrak river is located at the ne ira...

cellulose is a raw material which is extensively used in the manufacture of paints, papers, textiles, agricultural products and cosmetics. the waste of sugar beet pulp after titration is a source of cellulose. the current study was carried out to study the possibility of cellulose production from sugar beet pulp waste at titration stage as a 3×3×2 factorial study on the basis of a randomized co...

The positive correlation between real (PPP) investment rates and levels of PPP income across countries is one of the most robust findings of the empirical growth literature. We show that this relationship is almost entirely driven by differences in the price of investment relative to output, rather than by differences in nominal investment rates. When measured in nominal terms (i.e., at nationa...