In our report (1), we set out to explicitly control for the ecological differences Haeseker (2) cites so that we could assess the effect of a critical policy issue: whether Snake River dam passage results in poorer early marine survival of juvenile Snake River spring Chinook salmon. Thus, we selected smolts of common size and manipulated release times to ensure smolts from the two populations w...

The Chiang Mai tumour registry was established in 1978 as a hospital-based cancer registry, and population-based cancer registration started in 1986, with retrospective data collection on cancer incidence and mortality since 1983. Registration of cases is done by active methods. Data on survival for 36 cancer sites or types registered during 1993-1997 are reported here. Follow-up has been carri...

Royston and Parmar (2002) developed a class of flexible parametric survival models that were programmed in Stata with the command stpm (Royston 2001). In this paper we introduce a new command, stpm2, that extends the methodology. New features of stpm2 include (i) improvement in the way timedependent covariates are modeled, with these effects far less likely to be over parameterized, (ii) the ab...

Background: geographic differences described in the prognosis of cancer patients in the Basque Country have been attributed to a different incidence in tumours with different lethality. Therefore, cancer relative survival adjusted by case-mix was included to estimate cancer survival by provinces and health regions, using data from 1995 to 2004. Methods: a total of 93 585 cases of malignant tumo...

BACKGROUND Clinical management of chronic lymphocytic leukemia patients has changed considerably over the last years, reflected in an increased use of prognostic markers, new therapeutic agents and procedures, and supportive care measures. However, to date, clinical trials have not shown a survival benefit. DESIGN AND METHODS Using population-based data from Sweden, we assessed variations in ...

OBJECTIVE We demonstrate the utility of parametric survival analysis. The analysis of longevity as a function of risk factors such as body mass index (BMI; kg/m(2) ), activity levels, and dietary factors is a mainstay of obesity research. Modeling survival through hazard functions, relative risks, or odds of dying with methods such as Cox proportional hazards or logistic regression are the most...

BACKGROUND There is continuing controversy about prostate cancer testing and the recent American Urological Association guidelines. We hypothesize that the reduction and elimination of racial survival disparity among African American men (AAM; high-risk group) compared with European American men (EAM; intermediate-risk group) during the PSA testing era compared with the pre-PSA era strongly sup...

BACKGROUND The incidence of melanoma is still increasing in fair-skinned populations. At least 80% of patients have localised disease and expect a 5-year relative survival of >90%. PATIENTS AND METHODS In 2003-2004, disease-free patients with localised melanoma were recruited from the Munich Cancer Registry to answer quality-of-life (QoL) questionnaires 2 years after treatment. RESULTS A re...

BACKGROUND Relative survival is a method of analysis of failure-time data used to estimate the net survival. Cancer registries frequently use this method. The main regressive models are the Hakulinen and Tenkanen model, and the Esteve et al. model, which are easily used in practice thanks to their specific software (SURV and RELSURV, respectively). An assessment of the behaviour of the models i...

BACKGROUND Cancer patients' survival is an extremely important but complex indicator for assessing regional or global inequalities in diagnosis practices and clinical management of cancer patients. The population-based cancer survival comparisons are available through international projects (i.e. CONCORD, EUROCARE, OECD Health Reports) and online systems (SEER, NORDCAN, SLORA). In our research ...