Ditylenchus dipsaci-infected and noninfected alfalfa plants in a naturally infested field were studied from July 1980 to September 1982. Forty-one percent of the plants died during the study. Ninety-seven percent of the plants that died were infected with D. dipsaci. Sixty-nine percent of the observed mortality occurred during winter. Forage yield of infected plants was significantly lower than...

background free radicals are known as atoms and molecules which are highly reactive with the body’s single-electrons, and may cause irrecoverable damages to the macromolecules of organisms. systems to deal with damages caused by free radicals are known as “antioxidant immune systems”. flavonoids and polyphenolic compounds are from non-enzymatic antioxidants which many nutritional compounds cont...

Electricity generation in thermal power plants as the largest producer of electricity in Iran is associated with greenhouse gas emissions. In this paper, using the Malmquist-Luenberger method, green productivity, and efficiency changes are measured for 31 thermal power plants (including 12 steam power plants, 13 gas power plants, and six combined cycle power plants) during 2009-2016. The result...

mastitis is one of the most costly diseases in the dairy industry. the use of antibiotics in the treatment of mastitis leads to bacterial resistance and health problems for consumers. this study aimed to determine the antibacterial properties of essential oil of thymus vulgaris on the bacteria staphylococcus aureus, escherichia coli and staphylococcus were agalactia. antibacterial properties of...

over the past two decades, the role of intellectual property rights in all areas of science and technology has exploded globally– primarily due to the rules prescribed by the world trade organization’s trips and by bilateral/regional trade agreements. the trips agreement obligates all wto member countries to adopt and enforce minimum standards of intellectual property rights. the trips agreemen...

background & aim: organophosphates are frequently used as insecticides in households, in agricultural areas and veterinary, thus posing a risk for accidental dermal exposure or through inhalation. acute organophosphate poisoning causes thousands of human mortalities each year in developing countries.   material & methods: this study carried out to study an antitoxic effect of endemic ir...

background and aims: crocus sativus is of medicinal plants possessing many beneficial effects in treatment of various disorders. this study aimed to overview the therapeutic effects of crocus sativus on the basis of reviews and systematic reviews. methods: computerized search of review articles was performed using pubmed, google scholar, scopus and web of science, medline database from 1996 to ...

introduction: many people are used medicinal plants due to natural, low risks and complications, and low costs as compared with the synthetic drugs. incidence of drug resistance against chemical antimicrobial drugs has led the use of medicinal plants for treatment of infections in recent years. the aim of this study was to examine possible antibacterial effects of four herbal plants in vitro.  ...

objective: the present study is based on an ethnobotanical research project conducted in hormozgan province that is located in south of iran, bordering waters of the persian gulf and oman sea. this survey was carried out in order to recover the ethnobotanical and ethnomedicinal knowledge of the residents of this province. they are using medicinal and functional plants for treating or preventing...