This paper reports on the optical generation of a rapidly tunable millimeter-wave subcarrier for lidar–radar. The millimeter-wave signal is generated by beating the output from two Nd : YVO4/MgO : LiNbO3 electrooptical monomode microchip laser sections realized monolithically in a single composite crystal. The device has a continuous tuning range up to 45 GHz. The measured chirp rate is 3816 TH...

Artificial electrical stimulation that uses biphasic current pulses requires that the cathodic and anodic phases have zero biphasic mismatch. While biphasic mismatch should be minimized, a residual voltage appears due to charge leakage even for perfectly matched signals. Active anodic feedback methods control the charge in the anodic phase such that the tissue environment is electrochemically n...

We investigate the dynamics of individual quasiparticle excitations on a small superconducting aluminum island connected to normal metallic leads by tunnel junctions. We find the island to be free of excitations within the measurement resolution. This allows us to show that the residual heating, which typically limits experiments on superconductors, has an ultralow value of less than 0.1 aW. By...

voltage control is one of the imperative issues in the smart distribution control system. while traditional distribution network is equipped with communication and monitoring equipment, the online voltage control can be perfectly achieved. with using these smart grid technologies, the distribution voltage control schemes should carry out intelligently and cover the undesirable effect of high pe...

Two distinct voltage-dependent K+ currents have been previously identified in the type B-photoreceptors of Hermissenda: an early, rapidly inactivating K+ current (IA), and a late, 4-AP- and TEA-resistant voltage and Ca(2+)-dependent current (IK(Ca)). Using conventional two-electrode voltage-clamp techniques, we have characterized two additional currents, a late voltage-dependent outward K+ curr...

This paper is devoted to yet unpublished electrode-less methods (ELM) of cell layers impedance measurement based on transformer principle. The main advantage of ELM is elimination uncertainties caused by interface between electrodes and measured electrolyte. The method of avoiding distortion caused by non-ideal transformer transfer function ("deconvolution") and errors caused by residual voltag...

We present transport measurements performed in InAs/GaSb double quantum wells. At the electron-hole crossover tuned by a gate voltage, a strong increase in the longitudinal resistivity is observed with increasing perpendicular magnetic field. Concomitantly with a local resistance exceeding the resistance quantum by an order of magnitude, we find a pronounced nonlocal resistance signal of almost...

The role of oxygen concentration on the formatiordevolution of residual defects in implanted and rapid thermal annealed silicon was studied in samples with various oxygen concentrations. Photoluminescence (PL) study showed a strong correlation between the D-line intensity and the oxygen concentration. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) measurements also suggested the extended defects were m...

Ground based high-contrast imaging (e.g. extrasolar giant planet detection) has demanding wavefront control requirements two orders of magnitude more precise than standard adaptive optics systems. We demonstrate that these requirements can be achieved with a 1024-Micro-Electrical-Mechanical-Systems (MEMS) deformable mirror having an actuator spacing of 340 microm and a stroke of approximately 1...

This paper reports material selection methodology for radio frequency — micro electro mechanical systems (RF-MEMS) switches used for reconfigurable antennas. As there are variety of materials available to design engineer, a proper technique to select the best possible material is needed. Three primary performance indices, pull-in voltage, RF-loss, and thermal residual stress, are used to obtain...