In this paper, we study battery sizing for grid-connected photovoltaic (PV) systems. In our setting, PV generated electricity is used to supply the demand from loads: on one hand, if there is surplus PV generation, it is stored in a battery (as long as the battery is not fully charged), which has a fixed maximum charging/discharging rate; on the other hand, if the PV generation and battery disc...

Microgrid works as a local energy provider for domestic buildings to reduce energy expenses and gas emissions by utilising distributed energy resources (DERs). The rapid advances in computing and communication capabilities enable the concept smart buildings become possible. Most energy-consuming household tasks do not need to be performed at specific times but rather within a preferred time. If...

Demand-side management (DSM) proved to be a conventional concept emanates from the need seen as a means of reducing peak electricity demand and in which a power utility, such as an vertically integrated utility or State Electricity Boards (SEB) manages the demand for power among its customers to meet its current and future needs, so that the utilities can adjourn building further capacity. The ...

We develop a general framework for pricing electricity in order to optimally manage the electricity load of societal infrastructures that interact with power systems through their price-responsive electricity load. In such infrastructure systems, electricity is not the sole resource needed to serve users’ needs. Examples include cloud computing infrastructure or electric transportation networks...

Smart Grids are result of utilizing novel technologies such as distributed energy resources, and communication technologies in power system to compensate some of its defects. Various power resources provide some benefits for operation domain however, power system operator should use a powerful methodology to manage them. Renewable resources and load add uncertainty to the problem. So, independe...

Ensuring that there is enough generation capacity to meet future demand has been a contentious issue in market design since the beginning of the deregulation process. Particularly in Spain, security of supply has been a matter of concern since the very start of the process of electricity liberalization. A capacity payment mechanism was designed and implemented, and since then, this methodology ...

Emerging Web technologies have enabled the use of distributed on-line resources to support on-demand cooperative problem solving. Domain ontology is one of the resources typically required by many existing problemsolving systems. In this paper, we argue that to meet the ondemand requirement, on-line problem-solvers should go beyond the use of static domain ontology and be able to self-evolve an...

In today’s rapidly changing energy markets, the role of direct load control programs are increasingly recognized as an underutilized resource 1 capable of providing numerous benefits to our electricity grid and to our society as a whole. Although different names are used to describe these programs, we use the term Demand Response (DR) to include the overarching segment of load participation res...

Continued population growth, coupled with increased per capita consumption of resources, poses a challenge to the quality of life of current and future generations. We cannot expect to meet the future needs of society simply by extending existing infrastructures. The necessary transformation can be enabled by a sustainable IT ecosystem made up of billions of service-oriented client devices and ...