abstract the prediction of active earth pressures is essential to the design of retaining walls in case of reinforced and unreinforced soils. in this study, a new analytical method is presented to determine the coefficient of earth pressure. the horizontal slice method is used to compute the active earth pressure behind a rigid retaining wall in consideration of the granular soils. to verify th...

Cruciate-retaining total knee arthroplasty has had high success rates but does not always have optimal functional outcomes. The purpose of this study was to compare 2 polyethylene inserts of varying constraint that were used in a new cruciate-retaining total knee arthroplasty design to determine whether differences were found in clinical or functional outcomes. The use of the newer cruciate-ret...

This paper presents an effective optimization method for nonlinear constrained optimization of retaining structures. A newly developed heuristic global optimization algorithm called gravitational search algorithm (GSA) is introduced and applied for the optimization of retaining structures. The optimization procedure controls all geotechnical and structural design constraints while reducing the ...