Branchio-oto-renal syndrome (BOR) is a rare autosomal dominant disorder. The features include branchial cysts, hearing loss, ear malformation, preauricular pits, retrognathia, congenital heart disease, and renal abnormalities. However, anesthetic management of these patients has seldom been reported. We report a case in which general anesthesia was performed for dental treatment in a patient wi...

A case of Peters anomaly with bilateral post axial polydactyly, convex soles, ocular hypertelorism, a low nasal bridge, retrognathia, undescended testis, microphthalmia and club foot was examined in a neonatal Indian baby girl who had been delivered in the hospital and admitted to the newborn unit. She died aged five days. There were no cases of Peters anomaly recorded in India according to a l...

We report a case of partial deletion of 9p with partial trisomy of 1q42 syndrome, which is a rare clinical and cytogenetic report. The dysmorphic features of the patient include microcephaly, plagiocephaly, trigonocephaly with metopic ridge, arched eyebrows, hypertelorism, down-slanting palpebral fissure, ptosis, blepharophimosis, unilateral left epicanthic fold, long eyelashes, low-set and pos...

Introduction: Patients with mandibular bilateral hypoplasia usually present with varying degrees of facial deformity, upper airway obstruction and difficulty with feeding. Treatment of such cases is very important. Distraction osteogenesis (DO) using intra and extra-oral devices provides an excellent alternative when other surgical techniques do not prove to be satisfactory. Aim of the Work: To...

Vascularized free flaps have become the gold standard in reconstructing large segmental mandibular defects; however, even when bony union and soft-tissue coverage is achieved, insufficient bone stock and altered facial contour can create functional and cosmetic problems for the patient. There have been limited case reports on the use of secondary distraction osteogenesis to address these issues...

Bilston LE, Gandevia SC. Biomechanical properties of the human upper airway and their effect on its behavior during breathing and in obstructive sleep apnea. J Appl Physiol 116: 314 –324, 2014. First published July 3, 2013; doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.00539.2013.—The upper airway is a complex, multifunctional, dynamic neuromechanical system. Its patency during breathing requires moment-to-moment c...

BACKGROUND Sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) is associated with a variety of conditions that cause upper-airway narrowing. It was hypothesized that upper-airway narrowing can occur in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) when retrognathia develops secondary to temporomandibular joint (TMJ) destruction. Therefore, the aim of this study was to detect the prevalence of SDB in patients with acqui...

Distraction osteogenesis (DO) is a surgical process in which two bony segments are gradually separated so new soft tissue and bone will form between them by applying tension through a fixation device. There are three phases to this process: latency phase, distraction phase, and consolidation phase. The technique was originally applied to long bones but in recent years the method has been adapte...

OBJECTIVE Velo-cardio-facial syndrome (VCFS) is caused by a microdeletion of approximately 40 genes from one copy of chromosome 22. Expression of the syndrome is a variable combination of over 190 phenotypic characteristics. As of yet, little is known about how these phenotypes correlate with one another or whether there are predictable patterns of expression. Two of the most common phenotypic ...

919 Outcomes of SDB in High Risk Infants at Three Years—Smith et al. INTRODUCTION Structural and functional changes present in the upper airway of infants with cleft lip and/or palate (CL/P) confer an increased risk of sleep disordered breathing (SDB).1 The changes in facial structures include decreased length and height of the maxilla, basal maxillary retrognathia, decreased length of the mand...