BACKGROUND Seasonal allergic rhinitic (SAR) subjects are more physiologically reactive to airborne irritants than non-rhinitic (NR) subjects; however the mechanism underlying this difference is unclear. OBJECTIVE We sought to determine whether irritant-induced nasal airflow limitation involves neuropeptide release into nasal lining fluid, and if so, whether such release occurs differentially ...

The nasal output of nitric oxide (NO) is known to be high, but there have been varying reports of the exact level. We attempted to establish a quantitative measurement of nasal NO, and looked for a possible relationship with nasal resistance, at rest and during exercise. Nasal airway ventilation was performed by using an air pump at a constant flow rate, whilst the soft palate was elevated volu...

The adhesive external nasal dilator strip (ENDS) is widely advocated for prevention of snoring and promotion of nasal breathing during exercise. In the present study, the effects of the ENDS on nasal airflow resistance (Rn) in normal subjects were examined and factors determining individual responses to the ENDS explored. Using posterior rhinomanometry, 20 healthy Caucasian adults (10 males, 10...

Three main types of inflammatory Non-Allergic Rhinitis (NAR) have been defined: NAR infiltrated by eosinophils (NARES), by mast cells (NARMA), and by neutrophils (NARNE). A new particular type has been characterized with current infiltration by eosinophils and mast cells (NARESMA). The aim of this study is to evaluate the clinical and functional characteristics in patients with NARES, NARMA, NA...

OBJECTIVE To perform a systematic review of measurement tools utilized for the diagnosis of nasal septal deviation (NSD). METHODS Electronic database searches were performed using MEDLINE (from 1966 to second week of August 2013), EMBASE (from 1966 to second week of August 2013), Web of Science (from 1945 to second week of August 2013) and all Evidence Based Medicine Reviews Files (EBMR); Coc...

The aim of this study was to examine dose-dependent effects of intranasal application of neuropeptide Y (NPY) on nasal mucosal blood flow, blood content, and intranasal nitric oxide (NO) concentration. Blood flow was measured by laser Doppler flowmetry (LDF) and blood content by rhinomanometry. Mucosal biopsies were taken for investigation of Y1 and Y2 receptor mRNA expression, using the revers...

We compared the rise in nasal airway resistance (NAR) provoked by topical application of substance P (SP) and of methacholine (MCH) in seventeen patients suffering from rhinitis and fourteen control subjects. Challenges with SP or MCH were separated by a week or more. NAR was measured by posterior rhinomanometry before and 10 min after intranasal administration of SP (10-40 nmol) or MCH (3-12 m...

Allergic rhinitis is a frequent immunological disease affecting about 10-25% of the total population. The pathogenesis of allergic rhinitis is presumed to involve an IgE-mediated mechanism. Careful patient history, together with the skin prick test or RAST, usually allows an easy diagnosis of allergic rhinitis. In other cases it may be necessary to confirm diagnosis by the nasal provocation tes...

In contrast to the multitude of investigations regarding aesthetic changes in nasal surgery, few data are available concerning nasal function. This is especially important for cleft patients with a compromised nasal respiration.In this prospective study, 68 cleft patients, who underwent nasal surgery, were evaluated concerning aesthetic and respiratory outcome. To assess nasal respiration, acti...

BACKGROUND Severe asthmatics are thought to have severer rhinitis than mild asthmatics. A pale nasal mucosa is a typical clinical finding in subjects with severe allergic rhinitis. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to investigate whether a pale nasal mucosa affects airflow limitations in the upper and lower airways in asthmatic children. METHODS Rhinomanometry, nasal scraping, and spirome...