Pain is a major concern in all intensive care units (ICUs). The proper assessment and management of pain is one of the main goals of patient care in ICUs. Improper evaluation of pain and its over or under treatment can cause significant problems in the process of patient management in ICU. Since most ICU patients are unable to communicate correctly with the ICU team and explain their level of p...

The literature on the application of life cycle assessment (LCA) to process industry products and particularly to chemical processes has been reviewed. The main purpose of an LCA is to provide a quantitative assessment of the environmental impact of products over their entire life cycle, with a view to making improvements. Application to processes, which are key parts of the life cycle, is impo...

Development of simple-to-use, cost-effective risk assessments is a current research necessity in Ergonomics. Direct measurements and observational methods are usually considered more reliable and objective than retrospective self-assessment but the more subjective methods are often the only feasible way to evaluate exposure to health risks – particularly in large field studies. This paper discu...

It is difficult to overstate the complexity of assessing risks from chemical mixtures. For every valid reason to assess risks from mixtures, there appears an equally valid question as to whether it is possible to do so in a scientifically rigorous and relevant manner. Because so few data exist for mixtures, current mixture assessment methods must rely on untested assumptions and simplifications...

OBJECTIVES Investigate factors associated with employee participation rates in health risk assessments. METHODS This cross-sectional study using multiple regression analyzed data from 124 employers with 882,275 eligible employees who completed 344,825 health and productivity assessments (HPAs). RESULTS Incentive value and Communications and Organizational Commitment Level (Com/Org Level) we...

assessment of agricultural drought risk at critical times before and during the growing season can provide sufficient time to policy makers and farmers to implement appropriate strategies to reduce the potential of risk. the purpose followed in the present study is to develop a statistical model to estimate the quality of agricultural drought risk for rainfed barley crop (prior to planting and ...