Although numerous examples of sound symbolism exist in spoken language, little is known about whether listeners recognize and utilize these non-arbitrary relationships between sound and meaning to guide their interpretation of novel words. The present experiments examined the extent to which listeners are able to constrain meaning solely on the basis of the segmental sound structure of language...

UPPER EXTREMITY KINETICS DURING LOFSTRAND CRUTCH-ASSISTED GAIT IN CHILDREN Neha Bhagchandani, B.E. Marquette University, 2010 Complete biomechanical analysis helps evaluate the motion during various gait patterns for the upper and lower extremities. Extensive studies have been performed to evaluate unassisted gait patterns, but very little has been accomplished for studying assisted motion. Chi...

Hand-arm bimanual intensive therapy and constrained-induced movement therapy have shown evidence of effectiveness in improvement of upper extremity use in children with unilateral spastic cerebral palsy (CP). The effectiveness of interventions that are based on intensive practice of activities that combine UE and LE functions has not been reported. We propose that bimanual UE activities that si...

Stroke is a leading cause of long-term disability around the world. Many survivors experience upper extremity (UE) impairment with few rehabilitation opportunities, secondary to a lack of voluntary muscle control. We developed a novel rehabilitation paradigm (TDS-HM) that uses a Tongue Drive System (TDS) to control a UE robotic device (Hand Mentor: HM) while engaging with an interactive user in...

Both danshen (D) and gegen (G) have proven relaxant effects on vascular smooth muscle, thus their potential bladder inhibitory effects have impending interests in urology. The aim of this study was to demonstrate the novel effects of D and G on detrusor smooth muscle contractility. Urothelium-intact (+UE) and urothelium-denuded (-UE) detrusor strips were isolated from the rat. Isometric tension...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Rising from the floor to a standing position is an important milestone in the development of children. The purposes of this study were (1) to describe the movement patterns (MPs) toddlers use when rising to a standing position, (2) to determine whether toddlers' MPs differ with age, and (3) to investigate whether MPs that are proposed to occur earliest in the development ...

3GPP SA3 currently works on the security for application services based on the IP multimedia core network subsystem (IMS) of UMTS. One of the alternatives under discussion (see attachments) proposes the use of a key derivation procedure satisfying particular requirements, which are outlined in this liaison statement. 3GPP SA3 kindly asks ETSI SAGE to assist in the selection of the discussed alt...

This work first showed that very high amounts of phycocyanins, such as 11.3 mg/mL C-phycocyanin (C-PC), 3.1 mg/mL allophycocyanin (APC), and 0.8 mg/mL phycoerythrin (PE), can be obtained using an ultrasonic extraction process (UE) with a 60 kHz frequency and 3 h of process time at 25 °C, without any other pretreatments. These yields were higher than those from most conventional water extraction...