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Traffic congestion increases vehicle emissions and degrades ambient air quality, and recent studies have shown excess morbidity and mortality for drivers, commuters and individuals living near major roadways. Presently, our understanding of the air pollution impacts of congestion on the roads is very limited. This study demonstrates an approach to characterize the risks of traffic for onand nea...

The information for the present discussion on the uncertainties associated with estimation of radiation risks and probability of disease causation was assembled for the recently published NCRP Report No. 171 on this topic. This memorandum provides a timely overview of the topic, given that quantitative uncertainty analysis is the state of the art in health risk assessment and given its potentia...

in this paper, a nonlinear model of the underactuated six degrees of freedom (6 dof) quadrotor helicopter was derived based on the newton-euler formalism. a new nonlinear robust control strategy was proposed to solve the stabilizing and path following problems in presence of external disturbances and parametric uncertainties. the proposed control structure consist of a sliding mode control base...

The paper concludes with a cautionary note that adaptation is not a panacea. It should not be the only strategy considered for the reduction of risks posed by climate change. Adaptation comes at a cost and society has limited resources to devote to this activity. Also, there are uncertainties associated with the effectiveness of any adaptive response. Any portfolio of climate change policies sh...

The open innovation paradigm has created substantial new opportunities for firms in various sectors. However, scholars have long expressed concern that also entails a dark side, which can result value co-destruction. This highlights the importance of devoting attention to perils pursuing innovation. Existing scholarship given due credence these by examining associated risks and uncertainties. W...

Over the past two decades, variable interest entity (VIE) structures have been used widely for foreign investors to access Chinese industries that are closed or restricted investment. However, legality of VIE structure has neither recognized nor denied by authorities in general sense and thus a focus legal scholarship. Nevertheless, existing literature rarely covered China’s regulation on usage...

In this paper, a task-space controller for electrically driven robot manipulators is developed using a robust control algorithm. The controller is designed using voltage control strategy. Based on the nominal model of the robotic arm, the desired signals for motor currents are calculated and then the voltage control law is proposed based on the current errors and motor nominal electrical model....