The adsorption behavior of gold from copper–tartrate–thiosulfate solutions with ion-exchange resins was studied in this paper. Experimental parameters include resin dosage, pH, temperature, copper, tartrate, and thiosulfate concentration. A moderate increase tartrate concentration is beneficial for adsorption, but an excessive or higher temperature depresses the process. Increasing copper conce...

Lopressor, metoprolol tartrate USP, is a selective beta1-adrenoreceptor blocking agent, available as 50and 100-mg tablets for oral administration and in 5-mL ampuls for intravenous administration. Each ampul contains a sterile solution of metoprolol tartrate USP, 5 mg, and sodium chloride USP, 45 mg, and water for injection USP. Metoprolol tartrate USP is (±)-1­ (Isopropylamino)-3-[p-(2-methoxy...

SIR—Antipsychotics are the cornerstone of pharmacological treatment of delirium [1]. In case reports, cholinesterase inhibitors can improve (Wengel 1998 [2]), reverse (Fisher 2001 [3]) and prevent (Dautzenberg 2003 [4]) delirium. The question remains whether, in the case of ineffectiveness of antipsychotics, cholinesterase inhibitors can be used in the treatment of a chronic delirium. We presen...

We propose using ion chromatography to determine tartrate concentration in urine. A 100-microL sample of urine is diluted and injected into the chromatograph. Tartrate is eluted within 11.5 min as a distinct and well-resolved peak. The sensitivity of the standard procedure (signal-to-noise ratio, 3/1) is 30 mumol/L. The intra-run and interrun coefficients of variation are 2.5% and 4.1%, respect...

Modification of dimethyl tartrate has been investigated through transesterification with aminoalcohols to provide reactive functionalities for the covalent bonding of chiral tartrate to polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes. The transesterification of dimethyl tartrate has been widely studied using different catalytic systems and reaction conditions. Through the proper selection of both the cat...

Three new cholinesterase inhibitors, donepezil, rivastigmine, and galantamine, all inhibit the enzyme AChE. Rivastigmine also inhibits BuChE, which could lead to additional benefits in late-stage Alzheimer's disease, but also cause more GI side effects at initiation of therapy. Galantamine is also an allosteric modulator of nicotinic receptors, which could lead to additional efficacy for attent...

A simple and reproducible HPLC method with spectrophotometric detection was developed for determination of rivastigmine in human plasma. Liquid-liquid extraction of rivastigmine and donepezil (as internal standard) from plasma samples was performed with 1-butanol/n-hexane (2:98 v/v) in alkaline condition followed by back-extraction into diluted acetic acid. Chromatography was carried out using ...