Natural rubber biosynthesis in guayule (Parthenium argentatum Gray) is associated with moderately cold night temperatures. To begin to dissect the molecular events triggered by cold temperatures that govern rubber synthesis induction in guayule, the transcriptome of bark tissue, where rubber is produced, was investigated. A total of 11,748 quality expressed sequence tags (ESTs) were obtained. T...

A simulated upper jaw, made from a rubber arch containing replaceable ceramic teeth and a renewable composite jawbone, offers promise in assessing the performance of custom made mouthguard designs. Impact tests, involving precise assessment of jaw and tooth fractures caused by projectiles of various energies and profiles, simulate conditions that approximate to common clinical observation. Such...

Road distress results in high maintenance costs. However, increased understandings of asphalt behaviour and properties coupled with technological developments have allowed paving technologists to examine the benefits of introducing additives and modifiers. As a result, polymers have become extremely popular as modifiers to improve the performance of the asphalt mix. This study investigates the ...

BACKGROUND Allergic contact dermatitis from rubber chemicals is increasingly recognized. OBJECTIVE To review the results of patch testing with rubber allergens from January 1, 2000, through December 31, 2007. METHODS Patients who underwent patch testing with a specialized series of rubber allergens were identified. RESULTS In total, 773 patients (64.2% female; mean age, 48.6 years) were p...

Rubber based forming process is a versatile metal fabrication process used in commercial aerospace, automotive and defence applications. It is well suited for prototyping and production of small quantities of sheet metal parts. Rubber based forming employs a rubber pad contained in the rigid chamber or flexible diaphragm as one tool half, requiring only one solid half to form a part to final sh...

The feasibility of using large rubber chunks from shredded tires as aggregates in coldmixes for road construction was investigated in this study. The research was directed toward development of a chunk rubber asphalt concrete mix design for low volume road construction using local aggregate, shredded tire rubber chunks and a cationic emulsion. A set of mixes using different combinations of chun...

Because tires contain approximately 1-2% zinc by weight, zinc leaching is an environmental concern associated with civil engineering applications of tire crumb rubber. An assessment of zinc leaching data from 14 studies in the published literature indicates that increasing zinc leaching is associated with lower pH and longer leaching times, but the data display a wide range of zinc concentratio...

BACKGROUND The placement of rubber dam has the potential to alter the airflow through nasal and oral cavities. Pediatric dentist should be aware whether the use of a rubber dam affects the oxygen saturation (SpO2) in children. To assess the effect of rubber dam on arterial blood SpO2 in children of 6-12 years age. MATERIALS AND METHODS Totally, 60 ASA Class I patients of 6-12 years age, rando...