The antagonistic pleiotropy (AP) theory of ageing predicts genetically based trade-offs between investment in reproduction in early life and survival and performance in later life. Laboratory-based research has shown that such genetic trade-offs exist, but little is currently known about their prevalence in natural populations. We used random regression 'animal model' techniques to test the gen...

In many sexually dimorphic mammals, adults tend to form single-sex groups ('social segregation'). It has been assumed that social segregation is simply a by-product of sex differences in habitat use ('habitat segregation'). I tested this assumption on red deer, Cervus elaphus, and feral soay sheep, Ovis aries, using data on group composition, habitat use and space use collected on the Scottish ...

While the paradigm of utility maximisation has formed the basis of the majority of applications in discrete choicemodelling for over 40 years, its core assumptions have been questioned by work in both behavioural economics and mathematical psychology as well as more recently by developments in the RUM-oriented choice modelling community. This paper reviews the basic properties with a view to ex...

Genotypes are frequently used to identify parentage. Such analysis is notoriously vulnerable to genotyping error, and there is ongoing debate regarding how to solve this problem. Many scientists have used the computer program CERVUS to estimate parentage, and have taken advantage of its option to allow for genotyping error. In this study, we show that the likelihood equations used by versions 1...

The rum industry is currently worth USD 16 billion, with production concentrated in tropical countries of the Caribbean and Asia-Pacific regions. primary feedstock for sugar cane molasses, a by-product refineries. main variables known to affect quality include composition length fermentation, type barrels time used aging rum. goal this review provide an overview impact these on quality, highlig...

Currently, one of the major routes for smuggled cocaine into the UK involves dissolution of the drug in common alcoholic beverages such as rum. Relatively large quantities of the drug (of the order of 100’s of grams) can be concealed inside a single bottle and then separated upon arrival at its destination by simple evaporation of the liquid content. A single bottle can be carried by a smuggler...