In this paper, we construct a parallel image of the conventional Maxwell theory by replacing the observer-time by the proper-time of the source. This formulation is mathematically, but not physically, equivalent to the conventional form. The change induces a new symmetry group which is distinct from, but closely related to the Lorentz group, and fixes the clock of the source for all observers. ...

We assume that the cosmological constant Λ is the sum of a general-relativistic term and of the quantum, scale-varying, gravitational self-energy of virtual pairs. A renormalization group approach is used to describe its scale-dependence. We argue that the large scale value of Λ is reached at the classical electron scale. This reasoning provides us with a large-number relation: α (mP/me) = (L/l...

Suppose that one knows a very accurate approximation to an eigenvalue of a symmetric tridiagonal matrix T. A good way to approximate the eigenvector x is to discard an appropriate equation, say the rth, from the system (T ? I)x = 0 and then to solve the resulting underdetermined system in any of several stable ways. However the output x can be completely inaccurate if r is chosen poorly and in ...

In this paper we consider a global optimization approach for solving fuzzy fractional posynomial geometric programming problems. The problem of concern involves positive trapezoidal fuzzy numbers in the objective function. For obtaining an optimal solution, Dinkelbach’s algorithm which achieves the optimal solution of the optimization problem by means of solving a sequence of subproblems ...