The 3.3 million km2 marine ecosystem around the North Pole, defined as Central Arctic Ocean (CAO), is a blind spot on map of world’s fish stocks. CAO essentially comprises permanently ice-covered deep basins and ridges outside continental shelves, only accessible by ice-breakers. Traditional trawling for assessing stocks impossible under thick pack ice, coherent hydroacoustic surveys are unachi...

The purpose of this research is to develop scattering models in support of microwave remote sensing of earth terrains with particular emphasis on model applications to airborne SAR measurements of forest. Practically useful surface scattering models based on a solution of a pair of integral equations including multiple scattering effects have been developed. Comparisons of these models with con...

We present density-functional results on the lifetime of the (111) surface state of the noble metals. We consider scattering on the Fermi surface caused by impurity atoms belonging to the 3d and 4sp series. The results are analyzed with respect to film thickness and with respect to separation of scattering into bulk or into surface states. While for impurities in the surface layer the overall t...

− Interferometric decomposition permits the identification of arbitrary scattering mechanisms in two interferometric SAR images and the optimisation of the interferometric coherence, using mathematically independent phase centres related to these scattering mechanisms. Polarimetric SAR interferometry (Pol-InSAR) is sensitive to the distribution of oriented objects in vegetation layers. It has b...

Time-resolved and spatially offset Raman spectroscopies have previously been demonstrated for depth analysis through strongly scattering, non-transparent materials. In this study, several series of tissue phantoms were created with varied compositions and thicknesses to compare the potential of these different Raman techniques for biomedical applications. Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) phantoms we...

─ This paper presents an investigation into the electromagnetic scattering characteristic of two-dimensional (2-D) layered rough surfaces by using a finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) algorithm, which constitutes a three-dimensional scattering problem. The uniaxial perfectly matched layer medium is adopted for truncation of FDTD lattices, in which the finite-difference equations can be used f...