Dry eye is one of the most commonly encountered problems in ophthalmology. Signs can include punctate epithelial erosions, hyperemia, low tear lakes, rapid tear break-up time, and meibomian gland disease. Current methods of diagnosis include a slit-lamp examination with and without different stains, including fluorescein, rose bengal, and lissamine green. Other methods are the Schirmer test, te...

PURPOSE Evaporation of the tear film is heavily discussed as one core reason for dry eye disease (DED). Subsequently, new artificial tear products are developed that specifically target this pathomechanism. Perfluorohexyloctane (F6H8, NovaTears(®)) from the family of semifluorinated alkanes is a novel substance that has been approved as a medical device, as a nonblurring wetting agent for the o...

PURPOSE To demonstrate the efficacy and possible complications of a surgical technique that includes the removal of the vertical portion of the lacrimal canaliculus in patients with dry eye syndrome. METHODS A study was performed on six canaliculi of six eyes (four patients). Three patients had dry eye, associated with primary Sjögren syndrome. One of the four patients developed keratoconjunt...

OBJECTIVE To determine whether abnormalities in the function of the autonomic nervous system are associated with oral and ocular dryness in rheumatoid arthritis. METHODS Pupillography was done using an infrared light reflection method (IRIS) to measure both parasympathetic function (constriction latency and the latency of maximum constriction velocity (MCV)) and sympathetic function (dilatati...

OBJECTIVE To study the effects of lacrimal gland removal on basal and reflex tear production and on the ocular surface in the squirrel monkey. METHODS Unilateral main lacrimal gland removal in 6 squirrel monkeys was followed by Schirmer testing, slit-lamp examination with fluorescein, and collection of basal and reflex (stimulated) tears for analysis of tear protein spectra between 0 and 20 k...

PURPOSE To establish a rabbit dry eye model with topical medication of the ocular preparation preservative benzalkonium chloride (BAC). METHODS Sixteen white rabbits were used. One eye of each rabbit was chosen randomly for topical administration of 0.1% BAC twice daily for 14 days. The other untreated eyes served as controls. Schirmer test, fluorescein, and rose bengal staining were performe...

PURPOSE To evaluate the relation between dry eye severity and quality of life. METHODS 40 participants (19 with dry eye and 21 normal controls) underwent slit-lamp examination and Schirmer test to evaluate dry eye severity. Quality of life was evaluated with OSDI (Ocular Surface Disease Index) and VFQ-25 (Visual Function Questionnaire-25). RESULTS The OSDI total score was significantly grea...

A diet low in fat was found to retard the development of autoimmune disease in (NZB x NZW)F1 mice, whereas diets high in fat content were associated with more severe disease. The ability of a reduced lipid intake to ameliorate the progression of autoimmune disease was indicated by preserved lacrimal gland secretion (measured by a modified Schirmer test), decreased infiltration of inflammatory c...

The purpose of this study was to establish normal physiologic reference values for intraocular pressure (IOP) and Schirmer tear test (STT) results in clinically normal ostriches (Struthio camelus). Twenty ostriches of both sexes, 10 juveniles (1.5-2 yr of age) and 10 adults, were included in this study. Complete ophthalmic examination was performed prior to this investigation. STT was performed...

Schirmer, Uwe. Landstände im thüringisch-obersächsischen Raum (1231–1498). Ein Beitrag zur Geschichte des mitteldeutschen Hoch- und Niederadels. Stuttgart: Franz Steiner Verlag, 2021, 161 pp. (Jenaer mediävistische Vorträge, vol. 8)