One of the main issues in the discussion on standard deontic logic (SDL) is the representation of contrary-to-duty (CTD) obligations. A well-known example is Forrester’s (1984) paradox of the gentle murderer: it is forbidden to kill, but if one kills, one ought to kill gently. Intuitively, one would feel that these sentences are consistent, but in SDL no (obvious) consistent formalisation is av...

The pros and cons of using SDL for creation of distributed services. In a competeative market for the creation of complex distributed services, time to market, development cost, maintenance and flexibility are key issues. Optimizing the development process is very much a matter of optimizing the technologies used during service creation. This paper reports on the experience gained in the Servic...

A KGd(WO₄)₂ Raman laser was pumped within the cavity of a cw diode-pumped InGaAs semiconductor disk laser (SDL). The Raman laser threshold was reached for 5.6 W of absorbed diode pump power, and output power up to 0.8 W at 1143 nm, with optical conversion efficiency of 7.5% with respect to the absorbed diode pump power, was demonstrated. Tuning the SDL resulted in tuning of the Raman laser outp...

Due to the global outbreak of coronavirus disease (COVID-19), new regulations require students study from home so that must be able independently. This aimed analyze teachers' perceptions self-directed learning (SDL) and SDL components can identified online activities assigned by teachers during COVID-19 pandemic. research was designed in form embedded mixed-method research. An English teacher ...

A stacked double-layer (SDL) thermopile-based infrared sensor, which comprised of 96 thermocouples on a suspended membrane, has been designed and fabricated with a CMOS-compatible process. The thermoelectric properties were characterized, and responsivity (Rs) of 202.8 V W−1 and detectivity (D∗) of 2.85∗108 cm Hz1/2 W−1 for a SDL thermopile were derived. (Some figures may appear in colour only ...

The ITU-T Specification and Description Language SDL gains more and more importance in the specification and implementation of real-time systems that possess additional non-functional requirements. In the past SDL was mainly used to describe the structure and the functional behavior of reactive systems, without considering non-functional aspects such as enhanced real-time behavior and machine m...

We present an approach to simulating ad hoc network protocols integrated with their intended application. We implement the protocol layers and the application using the Specification and Description Language (SDL). Then, we simulate the ad hoc network directly from the SDL model. Using the interface of the SDL software tool, we incorporate the mobility model for hosts described in trace files. ...

The current version of QUEST covers SDL'88 and part of SDL'92. Some new features of SDL'92 like priority input, value returning procedures, spontaneous transitions and different continuous signals with identical priority are supported by QUEST. In the future QUEST will provide improved front-and back ends. Furthermore we are doing research in the field of timed validation and verification that ...

Adequate training in cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) and use of an automated external defibrillator (AED) is an important component of a workplace safety training program. Barriers to traditional in-classroom CPR-AED training programs include time away from work to complete training, logistics, learner discomfort over being in a classroom setting, and instructors who include information irr...

The development of the Core INAP CS-2 standard and the corresponding conformance test suites by expert teams at the European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI) are historical breakthroughs for the use of SDL and MSC within the international telecommunications standardization process. For the rst time, the textual description of a standard has no priority over the corresponding SDL sp...