The Web robots are programs that automatically traverse through networks. Currently, their most visible and familiar application is to provide indices for search engines, such as Lycos and Alta Vista, and semi-automatically maintained topic references or subject directories. In this article, we survey the state-of-art of the Web robots, and the search engines that utilize the results of robot s...

Introduction The Internet, particularly the World Wide Web, is a vast source of information that is growing at an explosive rate. More than 7,000,000 publicly available pages are added to the World Wide Web every day, according to a study conducted by Cyveillance, a Washington D.C.-based market research firm. This growth rate means the 2.1 billion unique pages available on the Web will double i...

In this article we show the existence of a formal convergence between the matrix models of biological memories and the vector space models designed to extract information from large collections of documents. We first show that, formally, the term-by-document matrix (a mathematical representation of a set of codified documents) can be interpreted as an associative memory. In this framework, the ...

In this paper we review studies of the growth of the Internet and technologies that are useful for information search and retrieval on the Web. Search engines are retrieve the efficient information. We collected data on the Internet from several different sources, e.g., current as well as projected number of users, hosts, and Web sites. The trends cited by the sources are consistent and point t...

Search engines have entered popular culture. They touch people in diverse private and public settings and thus heighten the importance of such important social matters as information privacy and control, censorship, and equitable access. To fully benefit from search engines and to participate in debate about their merits, people necessarily appeal to their understandings for how they function. ...

The Web has become an information source for professional data gathering. Because of the vast amounts of information on almost all topics, one cannot systematically go over the whole set of results, and therefore must rely on the ordering of the results by the search engine. It is well known that search engines on the Web have low overlap in terms of coverage. In this study we measure how simil...

In order to measure website visibility in search engines, there are softwares for analytics and referencing follow-up. They permit to quantify website's efficacity of referencing and optimize its positionning in search engines. With regard to search engines' algorithms' evolution and centralization of Key Performance Indicators for Marketing decision making, it becomes hard to find solutions to...

With the vertiginous volume information growing, the amount of answers provided by traditional search engines and satisfying syntactically the user queries has enlarged directly. In order to reduce this problem the race to develop Semantic Search Engines (SSE) is increasingly popular. Currently, there are multiple proposals for Semantic Search Engines, and they are using a wide range of methods...

Solutions to combinatorialsearch problems can beneet from custom-made constraint-based inference engines that go beyond depth-rst search. The concurrent constraint language Oz provides support for programming inference engines. The Mozart system for Oz comes with several engines, extended in dimensions such as interaction, visualiza-tion, and optimization. However, these extensions are monolith...