Bi-objective optimization of a multi-product multi-period three-echelon supply chain network consisting of manufacturing plants, distribution centers (DCs) each with uncertain services, and customer nodes is aimed in this paper. The two objectives are minimization of the total cost while maximizing the average number of products dispatched to customers. The decision variables are: (1) the numbe...

OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS The objective of the study was to determine whether sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) can be used to reduce clinical overstaging of cervical nodes in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) in a developing world setting. STUDY DESIGN Sentinel and echelon lymph nodes were identified by means of a combination of lymphoscintigraphy, gamma probe and blue dye identificati...

This paper considers a special vehicle routing problem, the two-echelon problem with simultaneous delivery and pickup demands (2E-VRPSDP). The 2EVRPSDP differs from classic transportation problems in two ways. First, freight depot to customers is managed by shipping through intermediate satellites. Second, each customer 2E-VRPSDP may have demands. an extension of (2E-VRP) (VRPSDP). A variable n...

background: the axillary and supraclavicular nodal volume treatment results in improvement of local control and survival after breast conserving surgery (bcs) or modified radical mastectomy (mrm). studies on the depth of these nodes have questioned the consistent use of standard fields for all patients. this study was done to assess the dose delivery to these lymph nodes with conventional treat...

(1) A system of linear equations can be stored using an augmented matrix. The part of the matrix that does not involve the constant terms is termed the coefficient matrix. (2) Variables correspond to columns and equations correspond to rows in the coefficient matrix. The augmented matrix has an extra column corresponding to the constant terms. (3) In the paradigm where the system of linear equa...

We study the structural instability mechanism and effect of a multi-echelon support in very-deep roadways. We conduct a scale model test for analysing the structural failure mechanism and the effect of multi-echelon support of roadways under high horizontal stress. Mechanical bearing structures are classified according to their secondary stress distribution and the strength degradation of the s...

As the supply chains are growing and becoming more interdependent, vulnerability chances of chain failure also increases. The industry is severely affected due to COVID-19 outbreak practitioners focusing on minimizing ripple effect disruption made economy. Considering unprecedented situation, research motivated analyse in a multi-echelon investigate performance at various nodes understand capab...