N C Med J. November/December 2010, Volume 71, Number 6 In addition to supporting these individual-focused strategies, promising evidence supports an approach that targets sexual assault bystanders, which is an innovative intervention combining individualand community-level change strategies [8]. This approach leverages the fact that, although most people will be neither victim nor perpetrator o...

OBJECTIVE Few studies on elders' suicide and depression have integrated social and community factors in their explicative models. Most of the studied variables used are focused on individual and based on psychopathological models. The purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of socio-environmental factors on death ideations, using data from the European SHARE cohort. METHOD Social s...

Age is one of the strongest predictors of cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. Treatment with statins can significantly reduce CVD events and mortality in both primary and secondary prevention. Yet despite the high CVD risk among the elderly, there is underutilization of statins in this population (ie, the treatment-risk paradox). Few studies have investigated the use of statins in the elderly, p...

STUDY OBJECTIVE The aim was to determine the number of years that could be gained by preventing avoidable deaths. DESIGN The study arose from the concept of avoidable causes of death and life expectancy at birth. Four abbreviated life tables were computed. The first included all causes of death; the second excluded all avoidable causes of death; the third and fourth excluded respectively prim...

OBJECTIVES This study aims to examine the extent to which statins are used by adults at high risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) compared to European clinical guidelines. The high-risk groups examined are those with (1) known CVD, (2) known diabetes and (3) a high or very high risk (≥5%) of CVD mortality based on Systematic COronary Risk Evaluation (SCORE). DESIGN This study is cross-section...

The incidence of melanoma has risen over the past 30 years in most white populations. 2 However, in some parts of the world incidence rates are stable or falling. Although large scale primary prevention programmes such as public health education campaigns aimed at reducing exposure to sun may lead to reduced incidence, such programmes have not yet been proved effective. However, melanoma is hig...

Cancer of the cervix is one of the most predictable and preventable types of cancer, however, it is still one of the most common malignancies. Due to a lack of information available to women about the causes of the disease, accessibility of screening programs, and limitations to the existing screening techniques, cervical cancer is the second most common type of cancer in women worldwide. Detec...

OBJECTIVE To estimate the average postponement of death in statin trials. SETTING A systematic literature review of all statin trials that presented all-cause survival curves for treated and untreated. INTERVENTION Statin treatment compared to placebo. PRIMARY OUTCOME MEASURES The average postponement of death as represented by the area between the survival curves. RESULTS 6 studies for...

BACKGROUND Stroke is a leading cause of death and disability. Although clinical trials of the early lipid-lowering therapies did not demonstrate a reduction in the rates of stroke, data from recently completed statin trials strongly suggest benefit. METHODS AND RESULTS The effect of pravastatin 40 mg/d on stroke events was investigated in a prospectively defined pooled analysis of 3 large, pl...

Communicable diseases are still major causes of deaths in developing countries. Cancer incidence, however, increased 19% between 1990 and 2000, mainly in this same developing world (Stewart and Kleihaus, 2003), and malignant neoplasms are now the second leading cause of mortality in these countries (WHO, 2003). Limitations of medical facilities and equipment mean that prevention is indispensabl...