The partitioning of secretory and membrane protein-encoding mRNAs to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), and their translation on ER-associated ribosomes, governs access to the secretory/exocytic pathways of the cell. As mRNAs encoding secretory and membrane proteins comprise approximately 30% of the transcriptome, the localization of mRNAs to the ER represents an extraordinarily prominent, ubiquit...

Prothyrotropin-releasing hormone (pro-TRH) is initially cleaved by the prohormone convertase-1/3 (PC1/3) in the trans-Golgi network generating N- and C-terminal intermediate forms that are then packed into secretory vesicles. However, it is not known whether these peptides are differentially sorted within the secretory pathway. This is of key importance because the processing products of severa...

Secretory failure of the adrenal glands has continued to be implicated as a factor in the pathogenesis of peripheral circulatory collapse due to infection since the original reports of Waterhouse (1) and of Friderichsen (2). This association of adrenal function and circulatory failure has been cited in recent reviews (3-5). However, a deficit of adrenal secretory products or their urinary metab...

Enamelin is an extracellular enamel matrix protein essential for normal amelogenesis. After secretion, porcine enamelin is processed to generate several enamelin-degradation products. The cumulative 32-kDa enamelin is the most abundant enamelin present, and various roles for this molecule have been suggested. However, the proteolytic cleavage sites in porcine enamelin that generate the 32-kDa e...

In the preoptic, infundibular and posterior recesses of the lamprey, Lampetra japonica cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)-contacting neurons are distributed much more abundantly than in higher vertebrates. They are classified into three different types on the basis of their granules size or electron density: type 1 containing round dense granules of large size (180--230 nm in diameter), type 2 containin...

To explore regulation of potentially lethal responses to bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS), we used differential display under LPS-free conditions to compare macrophage cell lines from two strains of mice congenic for a locus affecting LPS sensitivity. LPS-hyporesponsive cells, primary macrophages, and polymorphonuclear leukocytes transcribed secretory leukocyte protease inhibitor (SLPI), a kn...

Parathyroid hormone-like protein (PLP) was originally identified from tumors associated with hypercalcemia. Recently, it has been found to be expressed in a stretch-responsive manner in several types of smooth muscle. We studied adult rat heart muscle for the presence of the PLP. Using immunohistology and the PCR, we demonstrated the presence of PLP and its mRNA in all heart chambers. Immunoele...

The jelly secreted by the oviduct of Rana pipiens has been analyzed histochemically and biochemically. Histochemical techniques show that the jelly contains neutral carbohydrates and a protein moiety. Colorimetric estimation reveals that the jelly contains protein and also appreciable quantities of hexose and hexosamine. Sialic acid is present. Chromatographic methods were employed to identify ...