Sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) and sulfur-oxidizing bacteria (SOB) have been studied extensively in marine sediments because of their vital roles in both sulfur and carbon cycles, but the available information regarding the highly diverse SRB and SOB communities is not comprehensive. High-throughput sequencing of functional gene amplicons provides tremendous insight into the structure and func...

The unique properties of neutron interaction with materials have long been applied to the study of geological materials, with Shull and Smart using them in 1949 to determine the antiferromagnetic structure of manganosite (MnO). Neutron diffraction provides an accurate method for crystal structure determination of hydrous phases, particularly ices, and investigations of cation ordering of elemen...

Subjects learned to classify images of rocks into the categories igneous, metamorphic, and sedimentary. In accord with the real-world structure of these categories, the to-be-classified rocks in the experiments had a dispersed similarity structure. Our central hypothesis was that learning of these complex categories would be improved through observational study of organized, simultaneous displa...

rade control structures are used to control bed erosion in steep small rivers mostly in the mountains. Scour downstream of this structure can lead to failure. Over the past years, the effect of different variables on this phenomena have been studied, however the effect of upward seepage which is common due to head difference of the banks water table or water surface level between the upstream a...

no-bahar watershed is located, south of khorasan razavi province. geologically, the study area is a part of central iran zone. the rock units are late mesozoic and cenozoic in age in this watershed. no-babhar watershed includes several channels, which among them, only two main channels, motr-abad and solh-abad, have been studied. these rivers are mostly, braided channel in style, with high grad...

The sedimentary record documenting the northward drift of India (Late Cretaceous to late Early Eocene) has recently provided important clues to the evolution, radiation, and dispersal of mammals. Here, we report a definitive Late Cretaceous (Maastrichtian) archaic ungulate (Kharmerungulatum vanvaleni genus et species nova) from the Deccan volcano-sedimentary sequences exposed near Kisalpuri vil...

Studies in the center and margin of the Medee Basin, a Mediterranean deep-sea hypersaline anoxic basin, and at a reference site during Penelope cruise (2007), revealed the existence of a 7 m-thick halocline, with high salinity (328 psu), and high sedimentary organic carbon and biopolymer concentrations. The 194 16S rRNA sequences retrieved were grouped into 118 unique phylotypes. Pseudomonas ge...

This paper synthesizes data collected to document the modern limnological and sedimentary processes in South Sawtooth Lake located on northern Ellesmere Island, Nunavut, Canada. Field observations show that the finely laminated sediments deposited in the distal basin are formed by the settling of overflows and interflows, and in rare occasions, by non-erosive hyperconcentrated density flows. Th...