In 1929, the KKMmap was introduced by Knaster et al. [13] and it provides the foundation for many well-known existence results, such as Ky Fan’s minimax inequality theorem, Ky Fan-Browder’s fixed point theorem, Nash’s equilibrium theorem, HartmanStampacchia’s variational inequality theorem and many others (see [1, 2, 5–12, 14–17]). The central idea of applying KKM theory to prove that a family ...

Extrinsic and intrinsic characterizations are given for the class DSC(K) of differences of semi-continuous functions on a Polish space K, and also decomposition characterizations of DSC(K) and the class PS(K) of pointwise stabilizing functions on K are obtained in terms of behavior restricted to ambiguous sets. The main, extrinsic characterization is given in terms of behavior restricted to som...

We report the first continuous flow synthesis of lamivudine, an antiretroviral drug used in the treatment of HIV/AIDS and hepatitis B. The key intermediate (5-acetoxy oxathiolane) was prepared by an integrated two step continuous flow process from l-menthyl glyoxalate hydrate in a single solvent, in 95% overall conversion. For the crucial glycosidation reaction, using pyridinium triflate as the...

Some type-based approaches to termination use sized types: an ordinal bound for the size of a data structure is stored in its type. A recursive function over a sized type is accepted if it is visible in the type system that recursive calls occur just at a smaller size. This approach is only sound if the type of the recursive function is admissible, i.e., depends on the size index in a certain w...

Currently the Centre for Topographic Information, Geomatics Canada, NRCan is involved in issue-based programs, such as the Geomatics for Northern Development and the Reducing Canada’s Vulnerability to Climate Change. As in many mapping organizations, the projects within these programs expect the delivery of geospatial data and information in much shorter time periods compared to operations in t...

This paper describes the use of a multiple codebook SCHMM speaker verification system, which uses a novel technique for discriminative hidden Markov modelling known as discriminative observation probabilities (DOP). DOP can easily be added to a multiple codebook HMM system and require minimal additional computation and no additional training. The DOP technique can be applied to both speech and ...

In this paper, we introduce new class of functions called τ∗-Generalized Semi Continuous functions in topological spaces and study some of its properties and its relationship with some existing functions. Mathematics Subject Classification: 54A05