There is little information regarding the effect of hypoxia on alveolar fluid clearance capacity. We measured alveolar fluid clearance, lung water volume, plasma catecholamine concentrations, and serum osmolality in rats exposed to 10% oxygen for up to 120 h and explored the mechanisms responsible for the increase in alveolar fluid clearance. The principal results were 1) alveolar fluid clearan...

INTRODUCTION Previous research established significant relationships between total fluid intake (TFI) and urinary biomarkers of the hydration process in free-living males and females; however, the nature of this relationship is not known for pregnant (PREG) and lactating (LACT) women. PURPOSE To determine the relationship between urinary and hematological hydration biomarkers with TFI in PREG...

Hypothyroidism is associated with impaired urinary concentrating ability in humans and animals. The purpose of this study was to examine protein expression of renal sodium chloride and urea transporters and aquaporins in hypothyroid rats (HT) with diminished urinary concentration as compared with euthyroid controls (CTL) and hypothyroid rats replaced with L-thyroxine (HT+T). Hypothyroidism was ...

OBJECTIVE To investigate the clinicopathological significance of CD206-positive macrophage expression in patients with acute tubulointerstitial disease, including acute tubular necrosis (ATN) and acute interstitial nephritis (AIN). METHODS Renal tissue samples from patients with ATN (n=10), AIN (n=10), and minimal change disease (MCD, as disease control, n=8) as well as tissue from normal con...

carbamazepine are very similar to the clinical features of water intoxication. Dizziness, headaches, nausea, and mental confusion may occur with both, although it is not known what proportion of patients who develop these side effects on carbamazepine do so because of a fall in the plasma osmolality. When untoward symptoms develop during treatment and subside after the dose is reduced the mecha...

Ten intact dogs were subjected to hemodialysis against a solution of lowsodium content to determine the influence of sodium depletion on myocardial binding of digoxin-H. Serial determinations of seaim sodium, potassium, chloride, bicarbonate, pH, and osmolality, of cardiac output, and of cardiac rhythm were obtained in these and in 10 control dogs dialyzed against the standard solution. A dose ...

The influence of two food types, Boreogadus saida (Bs) and crustaceans (Cr), on the osmolality, ion concentrations, antifreeze activity and antifreeze glycoprotein (AFGP) distribution in the gastrointestinal fluids of the Arctic gadoid Arctogadus glacialis was determined. The gastrointestinal fluids were hyperosmotic to serum but no significant differences in osmolality were found between the t...