In this study, Analytical work is carried out for static shape control of cantilever beam structure with a use of laminated piezoelectric actuator (LPA). The mathematical modeling of beam element covered with LPA based on Timoshenko beam element theory and linear theory of piezoelectricity has been used. This work shows how number of actuators, actuator size, actuator location on beam and contr...

Whether glutamate is released rapidly, in an all-or-none manner, or more slowly, in a regulated manner, is a matter of debate. We analyzed the time course of excitatory postsynaptic currents (EPSCs) at glutamatergic neuromuscular junctions of Drosophila and found that the decay phase of EPSCs was protracted to a variable extent. The protraction was more pronounced in evoked and spontaneous quan...

This study evidence for tension transmission by microtubules and desmosomes in the follicular epithelium during anisometric growth of certain insect eggs. Most insect oocytes, and the follicles which surround them, grow anisometrically as they assume shapes which approximate to those of long prolate spheroids. Surface growth is most rapid in directions which parallel the polar axis of an oocyte...