background evaluation of the craniofacial bones is the oldest method to measure the facial proportion ratio in orthodontics. objectives the purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of emboss enhancement on the reliability of landmark identification in digital lateral cephalometric images. materials and methods ten digital lateral cephalograms were selected from the archive of an oral an...

dual systems of steel moment frame and reinforced concrete shear wall have combined the advantages of steel frames and reinforced concrete shear wall. these walls have increased the lateral stiffness of steel frames and have reduced seismic demands on steel frames thus providing opportunities to use such system. in this research intermediate dual system of steel moment frame was chosen with int...

The Glass Fiber-Reinforced Polyurea (GFRPU) which is the composite by elastic polyurea and milled glass fiber have mechanical characteristics to enhance tensile strength as well ductility. It must be reinforcement materials in repair retrofit applications for strengthening structural capacity has a merit of simple construction spray coating prevent debonding from concrete surfaces unlike existi...

Endothelial barrier dysfunction caused by inflammatory agonists is a frequent underlying cause of vascular leak and edema. Novel strategies to preserve barrier integrity could have profound clinical impact. Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) released from endothelial cells by shear stress and injury has been shown to protect the endothelial barrier in some settings. We have demonstrated that ATP and ...

We examine the flow of viscoelastic fluids with various shear and elongational properties in axisymmetric and planar 4:1 contractions, under creeping flow conditions. Particular attention is paid to the influence of elongational viscosity upon vortex enhancement/inhibition. Simulations are performed with a novel hybrid finite volume/element algorithm. The momentum and continuity equations are s...

In this research in-plane shear Behavior of composite steel-concrete shear walls was investigated considering the Effects of steel plates thickness, spaces between shear studs, shape and type of shear studs and existing of minimum reinforcement in wall section. Several finite element models were analyzed and Numerical results of two models were taken under verification with existent experimenta...

One of the most ubiquitous and technologically important phenomena in nature is nucleation homogeneous flowing systems. The microscopic effects shear on a nucleating system are still imperfectly understood, although recent years consistent picture has emerged. opposing can be split into two major contributions for simple liquids: increase energetic cost nucleation, enhancement kinetics. In this...

the research was conducted in order to determine the bending stress, young’s modulus, shearing stress, and shearing energy of safflower stalk as a function of moisture content and stalk region. the bending forces were measured at different moisture contents and the bending stress and the young’s modulus were calculated from these data. for measuring the shear forces, the stalk specimens were se...

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