This paper reports on spatially resolved measurements of the shear stress distribution at a frictional interface between a flat rubber substrate and a glass lens. Silicone rubber specimens marked close to their surface by a colored pattern have been prepared in order to measure the surface displacement field induced by the steady-state friction of the spherical probe. The deconvolution of this ...

[1] The bulk velocity Ub in streams is conventionally estimated from Manning’s equation, but difficulties remain in parameterizing the roughness coefficient n when the streambed is covered with vegetation. A two-layer velocity model is proposed to determine n and Ub for the submerged vegetation case. The modeled n is derived as a function of flow and vegetation properties that can be inferred f...

Abstract. We consider the dynamics of an elastic beam which is clamped at its left end to a vibrating support and which can move freely at its right end between two rigid obstacles (the stops). We model the contact with Signorini’s complementary conditions between the displacement and the shear stress. For this infinite dimensional contact problem, we propose a family of fully discretized appro...

In our previous work, we explored the dynamics of a dilute suspension of rigid dumbbells as a model for polymeric liquids in large-amplitude oscillatory shear flow, a flow experiment that has gained a significant following in recent years. We chose rigid dumbbells since these are the simplest molecular model to give higher harmonics in the components of the stress response. We derived the expre...

Amputees lack movement and control mechanisms at the foot and ankle that result in different strategies for locomotion than nonamputees. The torsion adapter is a prosthetic device designed to minimize shear stress at the residual limb by facilitating rotation in the transverse plane. This study determined if the addition of a torsion adapter alters lower-limb joint rotation moments of transtibi...

A falling rigid body through air, water, and sediment is investigated experimentally and theoretically. Two experiments were conducted to drop rigid cylinders with density ratio around 1.8 into shallow water (around 13 m deep) in the Monterey Bay (Exp-1) and into the Naval Postgraduate School’s swimming pool (Exp-2). During the experiments, we carefully observe cylinder track and burial depth w...

Abstract—Vegetation affects the mean and turbulent flow structure. It may increase flood risks and sediment transport. Therefore, it is important to develop analytical approaches for the bed shear stress on vegetated bed, to predict resistance caused by vegetation. In the recent years, experimental and numerical models have both been developed to model the effects of submerged vegetation on ope...

Falling of rigid body through air, water, and sediment is investigated experimentally and theoretically. Two experiments were conducted to drop rigid cylinders with the density ratio around 1.8 into shallow water (around 13 m deep) in the Monterey Bay (Exp-1) and into the Naval Postgraduate School’s swimming pool (Exp-2). During the experiments, we carefully observe cylinder track and burial de...

The fast bloodstream of animals is associated with large shear stresses. To withstand these conditions, blood cells have evolved a special morphology and a specific internal architecture to maintain their integrity over several weeks. For instance, nonmammalian red blood cells, mammalian erythroblasts, and platelets have a peripheral ring of microtubules, called the marginal band, that flattens...

A mobile observer samples sequences of narrow-field projections of configurations in ambient space. The so-called structure-from-motion problem is to infer the structure of these spatial configurations from the sequence of projections. For rigid transformations, a unique metrical reconstruction is known to be possible from three orthographic views of four points. However, human observers seem a...