The understanding of the Shia groups majority is considered too literal as ideology that caliph after Prophet Muhammad ‘Ali ibn Abi Talib, which has an indirect impact on rejection his controversial exegesis, including al-Mi>za>n fi> Tafsi>r al-Qur’a>n written by Thabathabai. Thabathabai's credibility in al-Mizan still often doubted for its validity to be used a reference Qur'an ...

The subject of the Imam’s nature and scope knowledge, along with his other attributes, have been studied early on since discussions Imamate were ushered in Islamic world. Shia scholars, particular, adopted a variety approaches to topic put forward different, at times contradictory, views. It is thus befitting study more closely from comprehensive view by employing effective statements arguments...

The paper presents a study on the West Pamir communities (Badakhshan, Tajikistan) based on language data of the Pamir languages of East-Iranian origin. At present, the ethnic groups of the West Pamir: Shughni, Rushani, Bartangi, Roshorvi, Khufi, Ishkashimi and Wakhi are communities of the Ismaili Shia Islam faith. The underlying concept of the paper is that ethnic and cultural key-concepts take...

In the past three decades, deductive games have become interesting from the algorithmic point of view. Deductive games are two players zero sum games of imperfect information. The first player, called ”codemaker”, chooses a secret code and the second player, called ”codebreaker”, tries to break the secret code by making as few guesses as possible, exploiting information that is given by the cod...

[1] The California Institute of Technology/Jet Propulsion Laboratory two-dimensional (2-D), three-dimensional (3-D) GEOS-Chem, and 3-D MOZART-2 chemistry and transport models (CTMs), driven respectively by NCEP2, GEOS-4, and NCEP1 reanalysis data, have been used to simulate upper tropospheric CO2 from 2000 to 2004. Model results of CO2 mixing ratios agree well with monthly mean aircraft observa...

This discussion describes the problem of inheritance girls who spend all their parents' inheritance, this arises when Qur'anic verse clearly states that share for if they are not accompanied by boys will only get half alone, while two or more two-thirds. total inheritance. The Compilation Islamic Law (KHI), which is main reference Indonesian Religious Courts in resolving problems Muslims, requi...

This article examines the dynamics of family law in Islamic Republic Iran where there are upheavals and struggles between secular elites ulama from 1927 to present day. study applied a library research by digging up information related theme study. The results this indicate that is dominantly Shia Imamiyyah (Jafari) but it also accommodates Hanafi (Sunni) School field marriage law. Iranian has ...