One-legged dynamic knee-extension exercise (DKE) is a widely used model to study the local cardiovascular and metabolic responses to exercise of the quadriceps muscles. In this study, we explored the extent to which different muscles of the quadriceps are activated during exercise using positron emission tomography (PET) determined uptake of [(18)F]-fluoro-deoxy-glucose (GU) during DKE. Five he...

BACKGROUND Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are subject to progressive reduction of muscle mass and strength. The aim of this study was to assess muscle forces and electromyography (EMG) indices in short and long-term diabetes during an isokinetic exercise. METHODS The peak torque, work, mean power frequency (MPF) and root mean square (RMS) of knee flexors and extensors during 40...

A 25-year-old male presented to the ski clinic after colliding with a tree while snowboarding. He had immediate sharp pain at his “tailbone,” but denied numbness and weakness. Past medical history was initially reported as unremarkable. On exam, he demonstrated midline tenderness over the sacrum. Pelvic radiography was performed (Figure). Imaging revealed an acute vertebral fracture, but it als...

The aim of this investigation was to study the effect of non-involved-side exercise on the involved (paretic) leg-muscle of patients with stroke. Each of the ten adults studied attempted to perform, while seated, a predetermined sequence of the following actions : (1) a voluntary knee extension on the involved side; (2) a maximal, isometric knee-flexion on the non-involved side; (3) a maximal, ...

The aim of this study was to quantify the contributions of lower extremity joint torques and the mechanical power of lower extremity muscle groups to further elucidate the loadings on hamstring and the mechanics of its injury. Eight national-level male sprinters performed maximum-velocity sprint running on a synthetic track. The 3D kinematic data and ground reaction force (GRF) were collected s...

Introduction Occasional difficulty is experienced in mobilizing the posterior horn of the medial meniscus, in spite of the use of the special cartilage knives and snares that have been designed to overcome this. The purpose of this paper is to describe a modification of the standard meniscectomy procedure and thereby simplify it. The modification consists of the section of the posterior attachm...

BACKGROUND Sex differences may exist in cognitive faculties and neuromuscular strategies for maintaining joint stability. The purpose of this study was to assess whether preparatory and reactive knee stiffening strategies are affected differently in males and females exposed to sex-biased cognitive loads. METHODS 20 male and 20 female volunteers were tested for knee joint stiffness and quadri...

The hamstring muscle group consists of three muscles in the posterior thigh; the semitendinosus (ST) and the semimembranosus (SM) are located at the medial side, the biceps femoris at the lateral side (BF) [1]. The biceps femoris has two heads, which are anatomically and functionally distinct; the short (BFsh) and the long (BFlh) head. The semitendinosus and long head of the biceps femoris have...

QUESTION In adults who experience nocturnal leg cramps, does stretching of the calf and hamstring muscles each day just before sleep reduce the frequency and severity of the cramps? DESIGN A randomised trial with concealed allocation and intention-to-treat analysis. PARTICIPANTS Eighty adults aged over 55 years with nocturnal leg cramps who were not being treated with quinine. INTERVENTIO...

OBJECTIVES To evaluate the effects of whole-body vibration (WBV) on skeletal muscle activity and power performance of the upper body during decline bench press exercise at different loads. METHODS Forty-seven healthy young and active male students volunteered. Each performed dynamic decline bench press repetitions with and without WBV (50 Hz, 2.2 mm) applied through a hamstring bridge exercis...