BACKGROUND Chronic morphine exposure creates dependence and, upon cessation, withdrawal symptoms. Studies indicate the phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE5) inhibitor sildenafil may provide centrally mediated benefits against withdrawal, and therefore, this study evaluated morphine withdrawal signs in dependent mice with and without sildenafil treatment. METHOD Dependence was induced by repeated tr...

INTRODUCTION Recent experimental and clinical studies have indicated the cardioprotective role of sildenafil during ischemia/reperfusion injury. The aim of this study was to determine, by obtaining metabolic evidence from microdialysis, if sildenafil could reduce the severity of postresuscitation myocardial dysfunction and lead to cardioprotection through beneficial effects on energy metabolism...

24 Endothelial dysfunction caused by defective NO-signaling plays a pivotal role in the 25 pathogenesis of intermittent claudication (IC). In the present study, we evaluated the 26 acute effects of sildenafil, a phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitor that acts by prolonging 27 NO-mediated cGMP signaling in vascular smooth muscle, on blood pressure (BP), 28 skeletal muscle oxygenation and walking to...

OBJECTIVE We sought to study the effects of a single oral dose of sildenafil citrate (50 mg) on blood pressure (BP) in men taking the nitric oxide (NO) donor drugs isosorbide mononitrate (ISMN) or glyceryl trinitrate (GTN) for stable angina. BACKGROUND Sildenafil, a selective phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitor, is an orally effective treatment for erectile dysfunction. The presence of phospho...

BACKGROUND Persistent pulmonary hypertension (PPHN) occurs in as many as 6.8 of 1000 live births. Mortality is approximately 10% to 20% with high-frequency ventilation, surfactant, inhaled nitric oxide, and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation but is much higher when these therapies are not available. Sildenafil is a phosphodiesterase inhibitor type 5 that selectively reduces pulmonary vascular ...

Since introduction of the PDE-5 inhibitor sildenafil 4 years ago, there has been a fundamental change in the treatment of erectile dysfunction (ED). Intracavernosal or intraurethral injections of vasoactive substances or penile implants as mechanical aids now play hardly any part in it. - The development of the PDE-5 inhibitors vardenafil and tadalafil prompts the question of whether and how th...

OBJECTIVE To determine the efficacy and safety of sildenafil citrate in the treatment of male erectile dysfunction. DATA SOURCES The MEDLINE, HealthSTAR, Current Contents, and Cochrane Library databases (January 1, 1995, through December 31, 2000); bibliographies of retrieved articles and review articles; conference proceedings abstracts; the Food and Drug Administration Web site; and the man...

OBJECTIVES To clarify the role of phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE5) inhibitors in post-prostatectomy penile rehabilitation (PPPR). To compare nightly and on-demand use of PDE5 inhibitors after nerve-sparing minimally invasive radical prostatectomy (RP). PATIENTS AND METHODS We conducted a single-institution, double-blind, randomized controlled trial of nightly vs on-demand 50-mg sildenafil citr...

STUDY OBJECTIVES In patients with pulmonary hypertension (PH) secondary to congestive heart failure, inhaled nitric oxide (NO) increases pulmonary vascular smooth-muscle intracellular cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) concentration, thereby decreasing pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) and increasing cardiac index (CI). However, these beneficial effects of inhaled NO are limited in magnitu...

BACKGROUND Safe, effective therapy is needed for pediatric pulmonary arterial hypertension. METHODS AND RESULTS Children (n=235; weight ≥8 kg) were randomized to low-, medium-, or high-dose sildenafil or placebo orally 3 times daily for 16 weeks in the Sildenafil in Treatment-Naive Children, Aged 1-17 Years, With Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension (STARTS-1) study. The primary comparison was per...