BACKGROUND Method comparison typically determines how well two methods agree. This is usually performed using the difference plot model, which measures absolute differences between two methods. This is often not applicable to data with wide ranges of absolute values. An alternative model is introduced that simplifies comparisons specifically for multiple methods compared to a gold standard. M...

Introduction It might not be immediately clear why the topic of comparison warrants a whole chapter in a book on human thinking. Of course, we are often required to make decisions that involve comparing two or more alternatives and assessing their relative value. Which car should I buy? Which job is more suited to my long-term goals? Would I rather have the soup or the salad? But in the grand s...

Investigation of biological processes using selective chemical interventions is generally applied in biomedical research and drug discovery. Many studies of this kind make use of gene expression experiments to explore cellular responses to chemical interventions. Recently, some research groups constructed libraries of chemical related expression profiles, and introduced similarity comparison in...

What are the “cognitive after-effects” of making a similarity judgement? What, cognitively, is left behind and what effect might these residues have on subsequent processing? In this paper, we probe for such after-effects using a visual search task, performed after a task in which pictures of real-world objects were compared. So, target objects were first presented in a comparison task (e.g., r...

What are the “cognitive after-effects” of making a similarity judgement? What, cognitively, is left behind and what effect might these residues have on subsequent processing? In this paper, we probe for such after-effects using a visual search task, performed after a task in which pictures of real-world objects were compared. So, target objects were first presented in a comparison task (e.g., r...

This article presents a method for computing Likelihood Ratios (LR) from multimodal score distributions produced by an Automated Fingerprint Identification System (AFIS) feature extraction and comparison algorithm. The AFIS algorithm used to compare fingermarks and fingerprints was primarily developed for forensic investigation rather than for forensic evaluation. The computation of the scores ...

The objective of this study is to develop a unique data mining framework for the structural comparison and classification of proteins, by representing each of them in terms of a pair of secondary structure geometric descriptor distributions. In this thesis, we propose novel geometric parameters based on a comparison protocol that uses a previously unexplored pair of dihedral angles for the simi...

The ease of Android applications repackaging and proliferation of application clones in Google Play and other markets call for new effective techniques to detect repackaged code and combat distribution of cloned applications. Today all existing techniques for repackaging detection are based on code similarity or feature (e.g., permission set) similarity evaluation. We propose a new approach to ...

Inter-comparison and similarity analysis to gauge consensus among multiple simulation models is a critical visualization problem for understanding climate change patterns. Climate models, specifically, Terrestrial Biosphere Models (TBM) represent time and space variable ecosystem processes, for example, simulations of photosynthesis and respiration, using algorithms and driving variables such a...

This paper considers the role of comparison in the development of knowledge. Results show that comparing similar objects makes them appear more similar, while comparing dissimilar objects makes them appear less similar. The effect of comparison on similar items was especially striking since participants judged items to be more similar after comparison even if the comparison task was to list dif...