Large deposits of coal over vast expanse of lands attract mining companies, power stations and petrochemical companies and thus the development of coal towns with rail and road networks. High traffic volume of large quantities of coal across coal cities often result in the gradual accumulation of fine coal dust particles on road pavements, rail ballast and sleepers. The effect of coal dust on t...

One of the safety-critical components ballasted track systems is railway sleepers whose main functions are to (i) transfer vertical load, (ii) maintain rail gauge, and (iii) restrain longitudinal movement. Railway can be manufactured using timber, concrete, steel, composite, any other engineered materials. Prestressed concrete most commonly used type worldwide because their superior value-for-m...

Nowadays, railway transport plays a very important role in the system period of positive growth commerce, economy and industry. In accordance with other modes transport, is most stable mode for transporting, safety, capability carrying, social economic benefits. Sleepers have major roles complex distributed load from rails when train goes through to ballast. This study discussed pre-stressed co...

The train is a mode of mass transportation that fast, efficient, and relatively affordable. To support the high demand for this transportation, adequate infrastructure also needed. condition must always be monitored so level security safety rail modes can in optimal conditions. One important component requires regular attention maintenance railway sleepers. In paper, finite element (FE) model w...

Ballast is a porous layer that reduces the effective contact surface between sleeper and ballast. Also, does not have smooth bottom surface, which causes reduction of ballast particles. At field experiments, by installing sensitive papers under sleepers track, cyclic load was imposed passing trains, after certain amount loads, pressure paper removed, measured while in laboratory investigation, ...

The slope protection framework developed using recycled railway sleepers offers a novel sustainable solution for protection. However, this has been inadequately reported, and its force deformation, protective effect, the bonding characteristics between are still unclear. project of sleeper embankment on Beijing–Tongliao was numerically analyzed three typical structures. bearing properties stabi...

Background Evidence suggests that short sleep duration may be a newly identified modifiable risk factor for obesity, yet there is a paucity of studies to investigate this. Objective We assessed the feasibility of a personalized sleep extension protocol in adults aged 18-64 y who are habitually short sleepers (5 to <7 h), with sleep primarily measured by wrist actigraphy. In addition, we colle...