This review describes some current and future approaches designed to modulate the response of tumors and normal tissues to cell killing by ionizing radiation. The emerging knowledge of tumor, cellular and molecular biology is providing a better understanding of the clinical results with the hypoxic cell sensitizers and novel approaches to radiation sensitization and protection.

Enormous interest in porphyrin and its derivatives is due to the essential role these compounds play in living systems and to numerous possible applications, e.g., in medicine, as laser dyes, catalytic and photocatalytic systems. Constitutional isomers of porphyrin: porphycenes, corrphycenes, isoporphycenes proved to be excellent sensitizers for singlet oxygen generation, a feature that makes t...

In triplet-triplet annihilation-based photon upconversion (TTA-UC), the utilization of near-infrared (NIR) light with a wavelength longer than 850 nm remains an outstanding issue. We realized this by employing metallonaphthalocyanines as triplet sensitizers; upon excitation of NIR light (856 nm), upconverted emission was observed in the visible range with remarkable photostability.

In the first chapter, R. 0. Rahm summarizes information on the various photoproducts that can be produced in DNA, such as pyrimidine base dimers, pyrimidine adducts, hydrates and products formed with sensitizers such as the base analogue bromouracil, or dye sensitizers such as acetophenone or acridines. The effects of uv light on bacteria and the mechanism of excision repair of pyrimidine dimer...

A dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC) using Ru complexes as a photosensitizer was first reported by O Regan and Gr"tzel in 1991. The low-cost, easy preparation make DSSC one of the most promising photovoltaic cells for conversion of sunlight to electricity. Numerous sensitizers have been prepared, and their performance has been tested. A conversion efficiency of up to 11% was achieved by using cis...

Transitioning to a future society, independent of fossil fuels, will definitely require the use of solar radiation for power and fuel production. Due to energy mismatch between device absorption and the broad band irradiation provided by the sun there are severe limitations to how efficient devices for direct conversion of solar radiation can be. One way to better use the solar radiation would ...

The sugar alcohol meglumine enhances the solubility of organic compounds in water and enforces formation electron donor–acceptor (EDA) complexes, enabling photochemical C−C C−S cross-coupling transformations without sensitizers. light-driven redox-neutral protocol connects haloarenes with indoles, anilines, anisoles, thiols, as reported by Burkhard König co-workers their Research Article (e2022...

BACKGROUND Allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) is the most common occupational disease. Although murine contact hypersensitivity provides a framework for understanding ACD, it carries important differences from its human counterpart. Unlike the contact hypersensitivity model, which is induced by potent sensitizers (ie, dinitrofluorobenzene), human ACD is induced by weak-to-moderate sensitizers (i...

Tumor Necrosis Factor-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand (TRAIL) is potentially a very important therapeutic as it shows selectivity for inducing apoptosis in cancer cells whilst normal cells are refractory. TRAIL binding to its cognate receptors, Death Receptors-4 and -5, leads to recruitment of caspase-8 and classical activation of downstream effector caspases, leading to apoptosis. As with ma...