Introduction: Pro-inflammatory chemokines and cytokines   such as MCP-1 and IL6 can activate microglial cells that has found in some neuro-inflammatory disorders. Hypoxia activates cerebral endothelial cells to release these pro-inflammatory mediators. We aimed to investigate the anti-hypoxic effects of different doses of some GABAergic agents. Materials and Methods: We randomly divid...

[1] In a previous paper, Vrugt et al. (2005) presented a combined parameter and state estimation method, entitled SODA, to improve the treatment of input, output, parameter and model structural error during model calibration. The argument for using SODA is that explicit treatment of all sources of uncertainty should result in parameter estimates that closer represent system properties, instead ...

Soda taxes aim to reduce excessive sugar consumption. Their effectiveness depends on whether they successfully target those whose consumption is associated with the highest harm. We assess the impact of soda taxes using novel longitudinal data on purchases on-the-go; we model the supply side of the market and find that pass-through is over 100%. We recover individual level responses, which we r...

OBJECTIVE The goal of this study was to determine the effect of artificial sweeteners on glucose, insulin, and glucagon-like peptide (GLP)-1 in humans. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS For this study, 22 healthy volunteers (mean age 18.5 +/- 4.2 years) underwent two 75-g oral glucose tolerance tests with frequent measurements of glucose, insulin, and GLP-1 for 180 min. Subjects drank 240 ml of die...

OBJECTIVE To determine the association of beverage consumption with obesity in Mexican American school-aged children. DESIGN Cross-sectional study using the baseline data from a cohort study. Mothers and children answered questions about the frequency and quantity of the child's consumption of soda, diet soda, other sugar-sweetened beverages, 100% fruit juice, milk and water. The questions we...

In this paper we describe the SoDA project, that aims at automatically generating soundscapes from a database of annotated sound files. The rationale of the project lies in the ubiquitous requirement for sound designer to produce backgrounds that include specific multi-layered sound materials. SoDA provides an ontologically-annotated database that allows the sound designer to describe the desir...

s: Soda-anthraquinone (soda-AQ) alkaline sulfiteanthraquinone (AS-AQ) and ASAM (alkaline sulfiteanthraquinonemethanol) cooking of southern cattail whole stem and bark from Sudan was carried out under different conditions and pulps with acceptable to good screened yields and very good mechanical properties were attained. The southern cattail whole stems gave satisfactory mechanical properties wi...

Soda pulping was performed using kenaf stalk, core, and bast as raw materials. It was observed that all these components could yield good paper characteristics when the resulting pulps were beaten to a freeness of 200 to 300 mL. Soda pulp made from the stalk was comparable to the frond from oil palm in sheet properties, but the latter would require higher beating energy to reach similar freenes...