The terms acid neutralizing capacity (ANC) and alkalinity (Alk) are extensively employed in the characterization of natural waters, including soft circumneutral or acidic waters. However, in the presence of organic acids, ANC measurements are inconsistent with many conceptual definitions of ANC or Alk and do not provide an adequate characterization of the acid-base chemistry of water. Knowledge...

The influence of three effluent organic matter (EfOM) model compounds (alginic acid, peptone and natural organic matter-NOM) and alkalinity on the ozonation of cyclophosphamide (CPD) was investigated. The rate of ozone decay increased with increasing model compounds concentration in the order of peptone > NOM > alginic acid. Increasing alkalinity inhibited ozone decay at all concentrations of a...

The inevitable deployment of negative emission technologies requires carbon accounting to incentivise the investment and foster an active CO 2 certificate trading schema. Enhanced Weathering as one is being tested in field now, but lacks a verifiable cost-effective approach. Based on results from lab scale column experiment observations, it hypothesized that observed stable positive correlation...

sulfur utilizing autotrophic denitrification synthetic wastewater in up flow packed --bed reactor was evaluated under different concentrations of alkalinity and organic matter. the reactor was filled with granular elemental sulfur particles with diameters of 2.8-5.6 mm and porosity of 40%. the initial culture was prepared from sludge of shahrak ghods wastewater treatment plant. first, the stoic...

Until recently, the scientific consensus has been that acid-rain-watershed interactions are those of processes which predominate in deep, well-drained mineral soil and the waters derived from them. In such watersheds alkaline minerals dissolve to naturally impart alkalinity to surface waters and normally acid components in rain would be neutralized. Furthermore, the sulfate of the sulfuric acid...

In present scenario, there is no mechanism to find where and when irrigation is needed, to find amount of fertilizers are needed for the crop as well as to find crop's choice. In this Project, a wireless sensor network is built by deploying various sensors as network nodes to monitor various factors such as temperature, humidity, pH levels and water levels. Temperature and humidity factors...