AIM To examine the efficacy of three extraction techniques: Soxhlet-extraction (SE), cold-maceration (CM) and microwave-assisted-extraction (MAE) using 80% methanol as solvent. METHODS The study was performed on each of 50 g of Vernonia amygdalina (VA) and Occimum gratissimum (OG) leaves respectively. The percentage yield, duration of extraction, volume of solvent used, qualitative and quanti...

This retrospective study was performed to compare refractive outcomes measured by conventional methods and by use of the Lenstar biometer and to investigate the factors affecting intraocular lens (IOL) power calculation with Lenstar with and without IOL-constant optimization. The study included 100 eyes of 86 patients who underwent cataract surgery. Corneal curvature was measured with a manual ...

Cidofovir [(S)-HPMPC; (S)-1-(3-hydroxy-2-phosphonylmethoxypropyl)cytosine] is an antiviral drug that has been approved for the treatment of cytomegalovirus retinitis in AIDS patients. Cidofovir also possesses potent inhibitory activity against various human papillomavirus-induced tumors in animal models and patients. In addition, cidofovir inhibits the development of murine polyomavirus-induced...

Background The very young adolescent (VYA) population age 10-14 years is often neglected in the field of sexual and reproductive health (SRH) research due to the combined sensitivity of the topic and the young age group, resulting in little data about the SRH needs and concerns of VYA. In 2013, the Women's Refugee Commission (WRC), Johns Hopkins University (JHU), Adolescent and Reproductive Hea...

significant role that visual stimulation plays in postural control has been well established. For instance, visual stimuli simulating self-motion through the environment generate potent postural adjustments in observers In all the studies just cited, the pos-tural adjustments occurred as a result of motion information in a visual stimulus that was presented to the observer (i.e., direct visual ...

Visual adaptation produces remarkable perceptual aftereffects. However, it remains unclear what basic neural mechanisms underlie visual adaptation and how these adaptation-induced neural changes are related to perceptual aftereffects. To address these questions, we examined transparent motion adaptation and traced the effects of adaptation through the motion processing hierarchy. We found that,...

Despite several findings of perceptual asynchronies between object features, it remains unclear whether independent neuronal populations necessarily code these perceptually unbound properties. To examine this, we investigated the binding between an object's spatial frequency and its rotational motion using contingent motion aftereffects (MAE). Subjects adapted to an oscillating grating whose di...

Real time and spatially distributed Ta (air temperature) data are desired for many applications. Ts (land surface temperature) derived from remote sensors has been used to estimate Ta in previous studies. Exploring MODIS Aqua Ts and station measured daily maximum and minimum Ta over east Africa, we found that Ts did not agree well with Ta during the day (MAE (Mean Absolute Error) = 6.9 ± 5.0 ◦C...

This study evaluated the capacity of mulberry anthocyanin extract (MAE) on insulin resistance amelioration in HepG2 cells induced by high glucose and palmitic acid and diabetes-related metabolic changes in type 2 diabetic mice. In vitro, MAE alleviated insulin resistance in HepG2 cells and increased glucose consumption, glucose uptake and glycogen content. Enzyme activities of phosphoenolpyruva...

Activity in the human motion complex (hMT(+)/V5) is related to the perception of motion, be it either real surface motion or an illusion of motion such as apparent motion (AM) or motion aftereffect (MAE). It is a long-lasting debate whether illusory motion-related activations in hMT(+) represent the motion itself or attention to it. We have asked whether hMT(+) responses to MAEs are present whe...