We propose a simple model to describe the cavitation-induced breakage of mesoscale filaments during their sonication in solution. The model predicts a limiting length below which scission no longer occurs. This characteristic length is a function of the tensile strength and diameter of the filament, as well as the solvent viscosity and cavitation parameters. We show that the model predicts accu...

Extraction of acetic acid from an aqueous solution was carried out in a laboratory scale sonicator using ethyl acetate as a solvent. The results were compared with and without the effect of sonication. A significant separation of acetic acid was found as a result of sonication. The effect of mixing time, feed composition, and solvent to feed ratio was investigated. The effect of time required f...

Water-insoluble (particulate) β-glucan was isolated from the cell walls of spent brewer’s yeast using a single-step alkaline treatment. To stabilize β-glucan water suspensions, sonication was successfully applied. Th ree diff erent drying methods were used: air-drying, lyophilization and spray-drying. Air-drying and lyophilization caused β-glucan particles agglomeration and changes of their mic...

High intensity ultrasonic irradiation (sonication) of alkane slurries of polycrystalline YBa2Cu3O7−x leads to a significant modification of the grain morphology and, if performed with enforced oxygen flow, results in the increase of the superconducting transition temperature. Sonication with added Fe(CO)5 produces magnetic Fe2O3 nanoparticles deposited on the surface of YBa2Cu3O7−x (YBCO) granu...

High intensity ultrasound has been applied to two classes of step-growth polymerisation. The ring-opening polymerisation of cyclic lactones to polyesters was accelerated under 20 kHz ultrasound but, in the case of delta-valerolactone, sonication also promoted a depolymerisation reaction so that the molecular weight fell during later stages of the reaction. Sonication was also applied to the pre...

Exfoliated 2H molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) has unique properties and potential applications in a wide range of fields, but corresponding studies have been hampered by the lack of effective routes to it in bulk quantities. This study presents a rapid and efficient route to obtain exfoliated 2H MoS2, which combines fast sonication-assisted lithium intercalation and infrared (IR) laser-induced phas...

Photosynthesis, Fluorescence Lifetimes, Aging, Sonicated Chloroplasts The lifetime of fluorescence from pea chloroplasts at room temperature increases with age. The ratio of the fluorescence intensities of the slow to fast decay components, decreases with age of the chloroplasts. This observation can account for the wide range of lifetimes reported in the literature. The variability of biologic...