Recent studies have shown that only quinones with a 2-methoxy group can act simultaneously as the primary (QA) and secondary (QB) electron acceptors in photosynthetic reaction centers from purple bacteria such as Rb. sphaeroides. 13C HYSCORE measurements of the 2-methoxy group in the semiquinone states, SQA and SQB, were compared with DFT calculations of the 13C hyperfine couplings as a functio...

Due to the capricious nature of renewable energy resources, such as wind and solar, large-scale energy storage devices are increasingly required to make the best use of the renewable power. The redox flow battery is considered suitable for large-scale applications due to its modular design, good scalability and flexible operation. The biggest challenge of the redox flow battery is the low energ...

Background & objectives: Increasing solid waste has made waste management an important challenge in developing countries. The purpose of this study is to comparative evaluation of the application of incineration technologies and other waste disposal methods in Iran using the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) in 2019. Methods: In this descriptive-applied research, after making a hierarchy, the...

The redox properties of monolayer-protected gold nanoclusters (MPCs) are considered from both the theoretical and experimental viewpoints. The "absolute standard redox potential" ([E0((z/z)-1))]abs) of MPCs is first derived from electrostatic considerations. A linear dependence of the absolute standard redox potential on the valence state of MPCs is theoretically predicted and verified experime...

Power densities and oxidation-reduction potentials (ORPs) of MFCs containing a pure culture of Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 were compared to mixed cultures (wastewater inoculum) in cube shaped, 1-, 2-, and 3-bottle batch-fed MFC reactor configurations. The reactor architecture influenced the relative power produced by the different inocula, with the mixed culture generating 68-480% more power tha...

Copper (II) is a biologically active essential ion and it forms the active centers in several metalloenzymes and proteins. Its chelating ability and positive redox potential allow participation in biological transport reactions. The copper atom transforms between the Cu(I) and Cu(II) oxidation states in redox reactions involving copper containing enzymes. This is an essential factor for many of...

The primary electron donor P700 in photosystem I is composed of two chlorophylls, P(A) and P(B). P700 forms the cationic [P(A)/P(B)](•+) state as a result of light-induced electron transfer. We obtained a P(A)(•+)/P(B)(•+) ratio of 28:72 and a spin distribution of 22:78 for the entire PSI protein-pigment complex. By considering the influence of the protein components on the redox potential for ...

Mononuclear nonheme iron(IV)-oxo complexes with two different topologies, cis-α-[Fe(IV)(O)(BQCN)](2+) and cis-β-[Fe(IV)(O)(BQCN)](2+), were synthesized and characterized with various spectroscopic methods. The effect of ligand topology on the reactivities of nonheme iron(IV)-oxo complexes was investigated in C-H bond activation and oxygen atom-transfer reactions; cis-α-[Fe(IV)(O)(BQCN)](2+) was...

Decomposition of organic matter is an important ecosystem process governed in part by bacteria. The process of decomposition is expected to benefit from interspecific bacterial interactions such as resource partitioning and facilitation. However, the relative importance of resource niche breadth (metabolic diversity) and resource niche overlap (functional redundancy) on decomposition and the te...

This work reports the voltammetric behaviour of decamethylcobaltocenium, DmCc(+), in different ionic liquids for the first time. Its redox potential was studied relative to that of decamethylferrocene, DmFc, and it is shown that the difference in the mid-point potential between these two permethylated transition-metal sandwich complexes is independent of the ionic liquid composition. A variable...