INTRODUCTION Macular oedema is the main cause of visual impairment following retinal vein occlusion. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the anatomical and functional outcome of pars plana vitrectomy and internal limited membrane (ILM) peeling for macular oedema secondary to retinal vein occlusion. CLINICAL PICTURE This pilot study is a prospective nonrandomised series of 11 eyes of 11 ...

The coupling ratio for the transport of beta-alanine and Na+, H+ and Cl- in luminal membrane vesicles isolated from proximal convoluted tubules (pars convoluta) and proximal straight tubules (pars recta) of rabbit kidney was examined. Indirect evidence indicates that 1 H+ and approx. 2 Na+, 1 Cl- (Na(+)-dependent, high-affinity) or 1 Na+ (Na(+)-dependent, low-affinity) are co-transported with b...

The ability of proteases to regulate cell function via protease-activated receptors (PARs) has led to new insights about the potential physiological functions of these enzymes. Several studies suggest that PARs play roles in both inflammation and tissue repair, depending on the cellular environment in which they act. The recent detection of PARs on peripheral and central neurons suggests that n...

An ideal mental health delivery system should provide high quality and affordable care for all citizens, while promoting medical research and technology. It is well known that social and economic factors affect a nation’s health status and delivery of services. The countries in South Asia region are developing nations with limited resources. Sometimes mental health is not a priority area in man...

Immunohistochemistry and computer assisted image analysis were used to examine the age-related changes in tyrosine hydroxylase(TH-) immunoreactivity in substantia nigra (SN), ventral tegmental area (VTA), locus ceruleus (LC) and dopamine-betahyroxylase(DBH-) immunoreactivity in LC and subceruleus nuclei of the rat. The findings in 3-month-old rats were compared with 28-month-old rats. In SN TH-...

It is clear that the left inferior frontal gyrus (LIFG) contributes in some fashion to sentence processing. While neuroimaging and neuropsychological evidence support a domain-general working memory function, recent neuroimaging data show that particular subregions of the LIFG, particularly the pars triangularis (pTri), show selective activation for sentences relative to verbal working memory a...

BACKGROUND Sea turtles (Chelonoidea) are a charismatic group of marine reptiles that occupy a range of important ecological roles. However, the diversity and evolution of their feeding anatomy remain incompletely known. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS Using computed tomography and classical comparative anatomy we describe the cranial anatomy in two sea turtles, the loggerhead (Caretta caretta)...

The human X and Y chromosomes share two homologous pseudoautosomal regions (PARs) which pair and recombine at meiosis. PAR1 lies at the tips of the short arms, and the smaller PAR2 at the tips of the long arms. PAR1 contains several active genes, and has been thought to be critical for pairing and fertility. The inconsistent gene content of the PARs between different species of eutherian ('plac...