Immunoelectron microscopy and in situ hybridization have been used to investigate the precise location of transcribed and non-transcribed rDNA spacer sequences. Whereas a 5'-external transcribed spacer sequence is predominantly visualized in the fibrillar centers of nucleoli, a non-transcribed spacer sequence is preferentially detected in the interstices, in close contact with the fibrillar cen...

Masquelet technique, which is the use of a temporary cement spacer followed by staged bone grafting, is a recent treatment strategy to manage a posttraumatic bone defect. This paper describes a series of 9 patients treated with this technique of staged bone grafting following placement of an antibiotic spacer to successfully manage osseous long bone defects. The injured limbs were stabilized an...

In the traditional dual-rail signalling, setting and resetting (after a suitable delay or after completion detection) wire x0 (resp. x1) indicates binary 0 (resp. 1). For example, for a sequence of values 001, the corresponding signal transition trace will be x0+(valid 0), x0(spacer), x0+ (valid 0), x0-(spacer), x1+ (valid 1), x1(spacer). Here, the number of transitions on each wire is differen...

Periprosthetic joint infection is a frequent complication after total hip replacement. Two-stage exchange with the use of a temporary cement spacer is commonplace. Several complications are possible with its use. In addition to infection persistence, mechanical complications such as dislocation or fractures are among the most common. Several risk factors can and should be addressed during first...

Temperature dependent structural distortion at the contacted mirrors of low-expansion glass cavities can introduce changes to the cavity length independent of the length of the spacer. There are resulting temperature sensitivities of the path (m/K) at each end of a cavity that are proportional to the difference of the coefficient of thermal expansion (alpha) at the contact. The temperature sens...

QUESTION In my office, I frequently encounter children with wheezing. When I prescribe inhaled bronchodilators for preschool children, what is the recommended method of delivery--a nebulizer or a spacer? ANSWER The pressurized metered-dose inhaler with a spacer is an effective method of delivering inhaled drugs to young children. Children younger than 5 years of age will require the additiona...

We present a numerical study of the tunability properties of a plasmonic subwavelength particle deposited on a metallic slab. The particle is composed of a metallic part, supporting a localized plasmon mode, separated from the slab by a dielectric spacer. It is shown that the position of the resonance wavelength can be modified over a large spectral range by changing either the spacer thickness...

We have investigated the influence of the thickness of an undoped spacer layer under the channel on the current–voltage characteristics of GaAs MESFETs. To that purpose we have grown the active layers of the MESFETs on top of a 50 nm AlAs layer to separate the device effectively from the undoped GaAs substrate. Substrate leakage currents are of the order of 10−7 A at 30 V source–substrate bias....

The alignment of the 28S gene of several species of Pezizales allowed to select two pairs of primers able to amplify the internal transcribed spacer region of ribosomal DNA in mycorrhizal fungi, such as truffles. The higher yield of the amplification product demonstrates a better annealing of the new primers to the rDNA, as compared to the universal primers internal transcribed spacer 1 and int...

16S/23S intergenic spacer regions from the rRNA operons of two strains of “Candidatus Liberobacter asiaticum” and one strain of “Candidatus Liberobacter africanum” were cloned and sequenced. The intergenic spacers of the two “Candidatus L. asiaticum” strains studied are identical and contain the genes for isoleucine tRNA (tRNA”‘) and alanine tRNA (tRNAMa) separated by 11 nucleotides. The interg...