The anterior caudate nucleus is essential for goal-directed behavior because it links outcome information to actions. It is well known that caudate neurons provide a variety of reward-related and action signals. However, it is still unclear how the two signals are integrated. We investigated whether and how outcome risk modulates spatial representation. We recorded neural activity in the anteri...

Robust Parameter Design (RPD) has been used as the primary technique to reduce process and product variability. The offline choice of appropriate control factor settings allows RPD to ensure that noise factors have a minimum influence on responses. In this article, an alternative methodology of automatic process control is proposed, that is, controllable factors are adjusted online based on inp...

In this paper, a Bayesian variable selection method for spatial autoregressive (SAR) quantile models is proposed on the basis of spike and slab prior regression parameters. The SAR models, which are more generalized than specified by adopting asymmetric Laplace distribution error term in classical models. approach could perform simultaneously robust parametric estimation context statistical inf...