Abstract Diffusion of oxygen and nitrogen in the cold sprayed commercially pure Ti (CS CP Ti) deposits profoundly impacts their mechanical properties. One plausible approach to additively manufacture a malleable (wrought) high-density is optimizing CS deposition parameters considering reduction porosity for following heat treatment. Herein, we examined porosity, bulk density, hardness character...

An Fe-based coating was thermally sprayed onto the surface of AZ91 magnesium alloy via High-Velocity-Oxygen-Fuel (HVOF) method. The with a thickness 530 ± 25 µm and porosity 0.7 0.1% did not show any macrostructural defects cause degradation alloy. Laser remelting layer resulted in recrystallization structure disappearance presented pores, splat boundaries, other defects. This led to an increas...

Large degradation in thermal insulation and strain tolerance is a main headache primary cause of failure for plasma-sprayed barrier coatings (TBCs) during service. One mechanism behind such the healing interlamellar pores formed by multiple connections between edges pore, which significantly speeds up exposure. The objective this study to obtain sintering-resistant TBCs tailoring width avoid co...

in this article, multiple-product pvrp with pickup and delivery that is used widely in goods distribution or other service companies, especially by railways, was introduced. a mathematical formulation was provided for this problem. each product had a set of vehicles which could carry the product and pickup and delivery could simultaneously occur. to solve the problem, two meta-heuristic methods...

numerous problems encountered in real life cannot be actually formulated as a single objective problem; hence the requirement of multi-objective optimization (moo) had arisen several years ago. due to the complexities in such type of problems powerful heuristic techniques were needed, which has been strongly satisfied by swarm intelligence (si) techniques. particle swarm optimization (pso) has ...

in this paper, a new enhanced version of the particle swarm optimization (pso) is presented. an important modification is made by adding probabilistic functions into pso, and it is named probabilistic particle swarm optimization (ppso). since the variation of the velocity of particles in pso constitutes its search engine, it should provide two phases of optimization process which are: explorati...