Iron- and manganese-depositing bacteria occur in many soils and all water systems, and their biogenic depositions of ochre in technical systems may cause severe clogging problems and monetary losses. "Candidatus Viadribacter manganicus" is a small coccoid, iron- and manganese-depositing bacterium isolated from the Lower Oder Valley National Park, Germany.

1 Introduction During the upstream phase of an inquiry, much of the detectives' and magistrates' everyday task consists of • acquiring information from investigations on the spot and from witnesses' depositions • introducing hypothetical rules to link the various hypotheses into evidential networks • finding contradictions and incompatibilities inside and across the various depositions • judgin...