promotion of the dietary fiber of foods can enhance human health by reducing the risk of many serious diseases. cakes are among the highly consumed foods but sadly of low fiber content. therefore, increasing the fiber content in them is of great importance, and this was the aim followed in this study. wheat flour was partially replaced at 0, 10, 20 and 30% (w/w) with corn resistant starch (rs),...

Polyurethane sheet is a pure white, soft, and flexible synthetic sponge with a mechanical strength and abrasion resistance equivalent or even superior to other sponge materials. Our study indicates that the blood absorption power of the polyurethane sheet is equivalent to that of the cotton gauze even after repeated use, and it has the potential to decrease the total amount of sponge usage. Fur...

Graphite exfoliation has been the main mechanism to produce graphene material and its derivatives, such as oxide (GO) reduced GO (rGO). This study was aimed exfoliate graphite using MnO2 paste in Zinc-Carbon (ZnC) battery wastes via audio sonication X-ray irradiated water. The exfoliated (EG) sample then characterized UV-Vis spectrophotometry, FTIR spectroscopy, XRD, SEM. EG utilized an additiv...

We consider tilings and packings of R by integral translates of cubes [0, 2[, which are 4Z-periodic. Such cube packings can be described by cliques of an associated graph, which allow us to classify them in dimension d ≤ 4. For higher dimension, we use random methods for generating some examples. Such a cube packing is called non-extendible if we cannot insert a cube in the complement of the pa...

Bioassay-guided fractionation of extracts from temperate Australian collections of the marine sponge Pseudoceratina purpurea resulted in the isolation and characterisation of two new and six known bromotyrosine-derived alkaloids with antibiotic activity. Surprisingly, a single specimen of the mollusc Tylodina corticalis, which was collected while feeding on P. purpurea, contained only a few of ...

The sponge construction, designed by Bertoni, Daemen, Peeters, and Ass­ cheis, is the framework for hash functions such as Keccak, PHOTON, Quark, and spon­ gent. The designers give a keyed sponge construction by prepending the message with key and prove a bound on its pseudorandomness in the ideal permutation model . In this paper we give a different keyed sponge construction that is based on t...

Existing environment mapping techniques include spherical mapping and cube mapping. These techniques have inherent flaws that cause sampling issues and aliasing. Continuous cube mapping is offered as an alternative environment mapping approach that effectively folds the cube onto the sphere, providing a better parameterization of cube mapping. We provide a hardware implementation.

Caribbean coral reefs have been transformed in the past few decades with the demise of reef-building corals, and sponges are now the dominant habitat-forming organisms on most reefs. Competing hypotheses propose that sponge communities are controlled primarily by predatory fishes (top-down) or by the availability of picoplankton to suspension-feeding sponges (bottom-up). We tested these hypothe...

Despite the large number of reports describing sponge-microbe associations, limited knowledge is available about associated fungi and their relationships with the hosts. In this work, specific fungal strains were obtained directly from in vitro sponge cell cultures (primmorphs) and single sponge cells (cytospins) and compared with those obtained from whole tissue preparations. A total of 27 fun...

Sponges are abundant, diverse and functionally important organisms of coral reef ecosystems. Sponge-associated microorganisms have been receiving greater attention because of their significant contribution to sponge biomass, biogeochemical cycles and biotechnological potentials. However, our understanding of the sponge microbiome is limited to a few species of sponges from restricted geographic...