INTRODUCTION Long-term confinement and microgravity may entail alteration in the regulation of the cardiovascular system. A 105-d pilot study of a Mars mission simulation was conducted to test the cardiovascular response to slow-paced breathing and mental stress. METHODS Finger blood pressure and beat-to-beat heart rate were monitored in six male volunteers taking part in a 105-d Mars mission...

Introduction: Hyperpolarized (HP) noble gas MRI and MRS in the lungs on spontaneous breathing mice is expected as a valuable modality for drug discovery or development of the methods for evaluating physiological changes. Since the measurements under the spontaneous breathing condition are fully non-invasive protocol without using mechanical ventilation, this technique allows a long-term and the...

Background: Children are at risk of extubation failure after congenital heart disease surgery. Such cases should be identified to avoid possible adverse consequences failed extubation. This study aimed identify ultrasound predictors successful in children who underwent cardiac Methods: aged 3 months 6 years surgery (if they were intubated for >6 h and a spontaneous breathing trial) included thi...

INTRODUCTION The ventilator and the endotracheal tube impose additional workload in mechanically ventilated patients breathing spontaneously. The total work of breathing (WOB) includes elastic and resistive work. In a bench test we assessed the imposed WOB using 3100 A/3100 B SensorMedics high-frequency oscillatory ventilators. METHODS A computer-controlled piston-driven test lung was used to...

Surgical pneumothorax allows obtaining comfortable surgical space for minimally invasive thoracic surgery, under spontaneous ventilation and thoracic epidural anesthesia, without need to provide general anesthesia and neuromuscular blockade. One lung ventilation (OLV) by iatrogenic lung collapse, associated with spontaneous breathing and lateral position required for the surgery, involves patho...