OBJECTIVES To study the relationship between the major horizontal and minor torsional components of congenital nystagmus to elucidate the diagnostic importance, effects on vision, and pathogenetic implications of the torsional components. METHODS We recorded the eye movements of 13 subjects with congenital nystagmus using a three-dimensional magnetic search coil technique over a 15-year perio...

PURPOSE To compare development of acuity in patients with isolated infantile nystagmus and infantile nystagmus associated with a visual sensory defect. METHODS Visual acuities in 57 children (1 month to 4 years of age) with infantile nystagmus were assessed by using Teller acuity cards oriented vertically during binocular viewing. Twenty-two had isolated infantile nystagmus, 21 had albinism, ...

Seesaw nystagmus (SSN) is characterized by conjugate torsional with opposite vertical components in the two eyes. The waveform may be pendular or jerk (hemi-seesaw nystagmus, HSSN), which slow phase corresponds to one half-cycle and quick other. Pendular SSN HSSN have distinct clinical presentations underlying causes. pathophysiology of instability visuovestibular interactions, while mechanism ...

Involvement of the superior semicircular canal (SSC) in benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) is rare. SSC BPPV is distinguished from the more common posterior semicircular canal (PSC) variant by the pattern of nystagmus triggered by the Dix-Hallpike position: down-beating torsional nystagmus in SSC BPPV versus up-beating torsional nystagmus in PSC BPPV. SSC BPPV may be readily treated at...

The morbidity of benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) was investigated from the functional standpoint by analyzing nystagmus elicited by the caloric test. As a result of an investigation of the three (horizontal, vertical and torsional) components of the nystagmus elicited by the caloric stimulus (cold water), the vertical nystagmus differed in direction between the left and the right ea...

Although technologic advances have permitted quantitative insights into nystagmus analysis, the clinician should not be daunted. Many useful, often diagnostic, observations can be made by physical examination alone. Figures 1 and 2 are examples of one convenient method of diagramming nystagmus. Also, nystagmus can be further described when the globes are inspected under slit-lamp magnification ...

Medial medullary infarction is characterized by contralateral paralysis of the arm and leg, contralateral loss of position and vibration sense, and an ipsilateral paralysis of the tongue. Rarely, upbeat nystagmus has been described. Bowtie nystagmus, which refers to oblique upbeat nystagmus with horizontal quick phases that alternate from right to left, has been reported in association with tob...

The assessment of a child with nystagmus involves first of all ensuring that the observed eye movement disturbance is genuine nystagmus rather than one of the stimulating disorders, particularly opsoclonus. Rather than a rhythmic to and fro oscillation as seen in nystagmus, children with opsoclonus demonstrate bursts of rapid (saccadic) eye movements that are multidirectional (horizontal, obliq...

OBJECTIVE The aim of this study is to quantify and compare the effects of simulated horizontal nystagmus on pattern-reversal and pattern-onset visual evoked potentials (VEPs). METHODS In eight visually normal subjects with normal oculomotor behaviour, we monitored eye movements and recorded pattern-reversal and pattern-onset VEPs from occipital electrodes. Subjects viewed the stimulus monocul...

Suppression of congenital nystagmus by eyelid closure was studied by electrooculography in four cases under various conditions in order to elucidate whether the suppression is caused by blocking of fixation or not. The nystagmus persisted in the light as well as in the dark provided that the eyes were kept open. Frenzel's glasses did not suppress the nystagmus except for one case in whom jerky ...